[gentoo-embedded] Building a bare-metal ARM hard-float compiler, what ABI? - gentoo-embedded

From:	Stuart Longland <stuartl@×××××××××××××××.org>
To:	gentoo-embedded@l.g.o
Subject:	[gentoo-embedded] Building a bare-metal ARM hard-float compiler, what ABI?
Date:	Sat, 05 Sep 2015 04:56:50
Message-Id:	`55EA7699.9070200@longlandclan.yi.org`

1

Hi all,

2

3

I'm trying to build firmware for Rowetel's SM1000 smart microphone,

4

which is based around the STM32F4 microcontroller.

5

6

http://www.rowetel.com/blog/?page_id=3902

7

8

The device is basically a digital voice modem for radio communications,

9

the firmware implements code that encodes and decodes audio into Codec2

10

format and modulating that for transmission via HF radio.  It needs

11

hardware floating point to work.

12

13

I *had* thought `crossdev -t arm-none-eabi` would be sufficient for

14

this, but imagine my surprise when I received this error:

15

16

> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg   -c -o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c

17

> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg   -c -o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c

18

> find STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib -type f -name '*.o' -exec ar crs libstm32f4.a {} ";"

19

> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg -DPROFILE src/codec2_profile.c src/gdb_stdio.c src/stm32f4_machdep.c src/startup_stm32f4xx.s src/init.c src/system_stm32f4xx.c ../src/lpc.c ../src/nlp.c ../src/postfilter.c ../src/sine.c ../src/codec2.c ../src/kiss_fft.c ../src/interp.c ../src/lsp.c ../src/phase.c ../src/quantise.c ../src/pack.c ../src/codebook.c ../

20

s

21

rc/codebookd.c ../src/codebookjvm.c ../src/codebookge.c ../src/dump.c ../src/fdmdv.c ../src/freedv_api.c ../src/varicode.c ../src/golay23.c -o codec2_profile.elf  libstm32f4.a -lg -lnosys -lm

22

> ../src/freedv_api.c: In function ‘freedv_comptx’:

23

> ../src/freedv_api.c:260:46: warning: unused variable ‘nspare’ [-Wunused-variable]

24

>      int    data, codeword1, data_flag_index, nspare;

25

>                                               ^

26

> ../src/freedv_api.c:258:29: warning: unused variable ‘k’ [-Wunused-variable]

27

>      int    bit, byte, i, j, k;

28

>                              ^

29

> ../src/freedv_api.c: In function ‘freedv_comprx’:

30

> ../src/freedv_api.c:516:77: warning: unused variable ‘nspare’ [-Wunused-variable]

31

>      int                 recd_codeword, codeword1, data_flag_index, n_ascii, nspare;

32

>                                                                              ^

33

> ../src/freedv_api.c:515:58: warning: unused variable ‘k’ [-Wunused-variable]

34

>      int                 i, j, bit, byte, nin_prev, nout, k;

35

>                                                           ^

36

> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: error: codec2_profile.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-assert.o) does not

37

> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-assert.o)

38

> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: error: codec2_profile.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-exit.o) does not

39

> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-exit.o)

40

41

Okay, so I read that as "newlib has been built using softfloat".  No

42

matter.  I thought maybe I can coax a hardfloat toolchain out by

43

manipulation of the target.

44

45

When I try `crossdev -t arm-hardfloat-eabi` (as clearly "none" gave me a

46

softfloat one) I got this building gcc at stage 1.

47

48

> configure:3389: /tmp/portage/cross-arm-hardfloat-eabi/gcc-4.9.3/work/build/./gcc/xgcc -B/tmp/portage/cross-arm-hardfloat-eabi/gcc-4.9.3/work/build/./gcc/

49

>  -B/usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/bin/ -B/usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/lib/ -isystem /usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/include -isystem /usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/sys-include  -mt

50

> humb -o conftest -g -O2 -pipe   conftest.c  >&5

51

> conftest.c: In function 'main':

52

> conftest.c:12:1: sorry, unimplemented: Thumb-1 hard-float VFP ABI

53

>  {

54

55

Now, there's an option to pass in ABIs to crossdev, and for the default

56

one to be identified.  Question is, where can I find what the ABIs are

57

called?

58

--

59

Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL)

60

61

I haven't lost my mind...

62

  ...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.

Gentoo Archives: gentoo-embedded

Replies

1	Hi all,
2
3	I'm trying to build firmware for Rowetel's SM1000 smart microphone,
4	which is based around the STM32F4 microcontroller.
5
6	http://www.rowetel.com/blog/?page_id=3902
7
8	The device is basically a digital voice modem for radio communications,
9	the firmware implements code that encodes and decodes audio into Codec2
10	format and modulating that for transmission via HF radio. It needs
11	hardware floating point to work.
12
13	I had thought `crossdev -t arm-none-eabi` would be sufficient for
14	this, but imagine my surprise when I received this error:
15
16	> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg -c -o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c
17	> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg -c -o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.o STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c
18	> find STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib -type f -name '*.o' -exec ar crs libstm32f4.a {} ";"
19	> arm-none-eabi-gcc -std=gnu99 -O0 -g -Wall -Tstm32_flash.ld -DSTM32F40_41xxx -DCORTEX_M4 -mlittle-endian -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles -mcpu=cortex-m4 -fsingle-precision-constant -Wdouble-promotion -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -D__FPU_USED=1 -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Project/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Templates -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Include -ISTM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -DARM_MATH_CM4 -D__EMBEDDED__ -I../src -I../unittest -Iinc -Iusb_conf -Iusb_lib/cdc -Iusb_lib/core -Iusb_lib/otg -DPROFILE src/codec2_profile.c src/gdb_stdio.c src/stm32f4_machdep.c src/startup_stm32f4xx.s src/init.c src/system_stm32f4xx.c ../src/lpc.c ../src/nlp.c ../src/postfilter.c ../src/sine.c ../src/codec2.c ../src/kiss_fft.c ../src/interp.c ../src/lsp.c ../src/phase.c ../src/quantise.c ../src/pack.c ../src/codebook.c ../
20	s
21	rc/codebookd.c ../src/codebookjvm.c ../src/codebookge.c ../src/dump.c ../src/fdmdv.c ../src/freedv_api.c ../src/varicode.c ../src/golay23.c -o codec2_profile.elf libstm32f4.a -lg -lnosys -lm
22	> ../src/freedv_api.c: In function ‘freedv_comptx’:
23	> ../src/freedv_api.c:260:46: warning: unused variable ‘nspare’ [-Wunused-variable]
24	> int data, codeword1, data_flag_index, nspare;
25	> ^
26	> ../src/freedv_api.c:258:29: warning: unused variable ‘k’ [-Wunused-variable]
27	> int bit, byte, i, j, k;
28	> ^
29	> ../src/freedv_api.c: In function ‘freedv_comprx’:
30	> ../src/freedv_api.c:516:77: warning: unused variable ‘nspare’ [-Wunused-variable]
31	> int recd_codeword, codeword1, data_flag_index, n_ascii, nspare;
32	> ^
33	> ../src/freedv_api.c:515:58: warning: unused variable ‘k’ [-Wunused-variable]
34	> int i, j, bit, byte, nin_prev, nout, k;
35	> ^
36	> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: error: codec2_profile.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-assert.o) does not
37	> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-assert.o)
38	> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: error: codec2_profile.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-exit.o) does not
39	> /usr/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libg.a(lib_a-exit.o)
40
41	Okay, so I read that as "newlib has been built using softfloat". No
42	matter. I thought maybe I can coax a hardfloat toolchain out by
43	manipulation of the target.
44
45	When I try `crossdev -t arm-hardfloat-eabi` (as clearly "none" gave me a
46	softfloat one) I got this building gcc at stage 1.
47
48	> configure:3389: /tmp/portage/cross-arm-hardfloat-eabi/gcc-4.9.3/work/build/./gcc/xgcc -B/tmp/portage/cross-arm-hardfloat-eabi/gcc-4.9.3/work/build/./gcc/
49	> -B/usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/bin/ -B/usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/lib/ -isystem /usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/include -isystem /usr/arm-hardfloat-eabi/sys-include -mt
50	> humb -o conftest -g -O2 -pipe conftest.c >&5
51	> conftest.c: In function 'main':
52	> conftest.c:12:1: sorry, unimplemented: Thumb-1 hard-float VFP ABI
53	> {
54
55	Now, there's an option to pass in ABIs to crossdev, and for the default
56	one to be identified. Question is, where can I find what the ABIs are
57	called?
58	--
59	Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL)
60
61	I haven't lost my mind...
62	...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.