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smithj 05/07/11 22:42:33 |
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Added: xml/htdocs/doc/en/articles lpi-101-administration-p2.xml |
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Log: |
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#97718: added LPI certification 101 Part 2 to articles |
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Revision Changes Path |
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1.1 xml/htdocs/doc/en/articles/lpi-101-administration-p2.xml |
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file : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/articles/lpi-101-administration-p2.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=gentoo |
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plain: http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/articles/lpi-101-administration-p2.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=gentoo |
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Index: lpi-101-administration-p2.xml |
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=================================================================== |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/articles/lpi-101-administration-p2.xml,v 1.1 2005/07/11 22:42:33 smithj Exp $ --> |
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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|
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<guide link="/doc/en/articles/lpi-101-administration-p2.xml"> |
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<title>LPI certification 101 (release 2) exam prep, Part 2</title> |
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|
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<author title="Author"> |
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<mail link="drobbins@g.o">Daniel Robbins</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Author"> |
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<mail link="chouser@g.o">Chris Houser</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Author"> |
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Aron Griffis |
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</author> |
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<author title="Editor"> |
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<mail link="smithj@g.o">Jonathan Smith</mail> |
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</author> |
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|
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<abstract> |
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In this tutorial, you will learn how to use regular expressions to search files |
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for text patterns, how to locate files on your system, and how to take full |
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control of Linux processes. You'll even get a whirlwind introduction to shell |
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pipelines, redirection, and text processing commands. By the end of this |
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tutorial, you'll have a solid grounding in basic Linux administration and will |
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be ready to begin learning more advanced Linux system administration skills in |
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the follow-on tutorial. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<!-- The original version of this article was published on IBM developerWorks, |
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and is property of Westtech Information Services. This document is an updated |
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version of the original article, and contains various improvements made by the |
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Gentoo Linux Documentation team --> |
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|
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<version>1.0</version> |
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<date>2005-07-11</date> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Before You Start</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>About this tutorial</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<note> |
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The original version of this article was published on IBM developerWorks, and |
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is property of Westtech Information Services. This document is an updated |
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version of the original article, and contains various improvements made by the |
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Gentoo Linux Documentation team. |
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</note> |
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|
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<p> |
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Welcome to "Basic administration," the second of four tutorials designed to |
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prepare you for the Linux Professional Institute's 101 exam. In this tutorial, |
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we'll show you how to use regular expressions to search files for text |
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patterns. Next, we'll introduce you to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FSH), |
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and then show you how to locate files on your system. Then, we'll show you how |
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to take full control of Linux processes by running them in the background, |
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listing processes, detaching processes from the terminal, and more. Next, we'll |
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give you a whirlwind introduction to shell pipelines, redirection, and text |
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processing commands. Finally, we'll introduce you to Linux kernel modules. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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This particular tutorial (Part 2) is ideal for those who have a good basic |
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knowledge of bash and want to receive a solid introduction to basic Linux |
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administration tasks. If you are new to Linux, we recommend that you complete |
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Part 1 of this tutorial series first before continuing. For some, much of this |
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material will be new, but more experienced Linux users may find this tutorial |
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to be a great way of "rounding out" their basic Linux administration skills. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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For those who have taken the release 1 version of this tutorial for reasons |
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other than LPI exam preparation, you probably don't need to take this one. |
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However, if you do plan to take the exams, you should strongly consider reading |
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this revised tutorial. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>About the author</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Residing in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Daniel Robbins is the Chief Architect of |
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Gentoo Linux an advanced ports-based Linux meta distribution. He also writes |
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articles, tutorials, and tips for the IBM developerWorks Linux zone and Intel |
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Developer Services and has also served as a contributing author for several |
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books, including Samba Unleashed and SuSE Linux Unleashed. Daniel enjoys |
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spending time with his wife, Mary, and his daughter, Hadassah. You can contact |
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Daniel at drobbins@g.o. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Chris Houser, known to his friends as "Chouser," has been a UNIX proponent |
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since 1994 when he joined the administration team for the computer science |
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network at Taylor University in Indiana, where he earned his Bachelor's degree |
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in Computer Science and Mathematics. Since then, he has gone on to work in Web |
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application programming, user interface design, professional video software |
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support, and now Tru64 UNIX device driver programming at Compaq. He has also |
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contributed to various free software projects, most recently to Gentoo Linux). |
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He lives with his wife and two cats in New Hampshire. You can contact Chris at |
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chouser@g.o. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Aron Griffis graduated from Taylor University with a degree in Computer Science |
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and an award that proclaimed, "Future Founder of a Utopian UNIX Commune." |
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Working towards that goal, Aron is employed by Compaq writing network drivers |
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for Tru64 UNIX, and spending his spare time plunking out tunes on the piano or |
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developing Gentoo Linux. He lives with his wife Amy (also a UNIX engineer) in |
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Nashua, New Hampshire. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Regular Expressions</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>What is a regular expression?</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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A regular expression (also called a "regex" or "regexp") is a special syntax |
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used to describe text patterns. On Linux systems, regular expressions are |
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commonly used to find patterns of text, as well as to perform |
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search-and-replace operations on text streams. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Glob comparison</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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As we take a look at regular expressions, you may find that regular expression |
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syntax looks similar to the filename "globbing" syntax that we looked at in |
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Part 1. However, don't let this fool you; their similarity is only skin deep. |
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Both regular expressions and filename globbing patterns, while they may look |
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similar, are fundamentally different beasts. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>The simple substring</title> |
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<body> |
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<p> |
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With that caution, let's take a look at the most basic of regular expressions, |
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the simple substring. To do this, we're going to use <c>grep</c>, a command |
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that scans the contents of a file for a particular regular expression. grep |
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prints every line that matches the regular expression, and ignores every line |
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that doesn't: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="grep in action"> |
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$ <i>grep bash /etc/passwd</i> |
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operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/bin/bash |
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root:x:0:0::/root:/bin/bash |
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ftp:x:40:1::/home/ftp:/bin/bash |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Above, the first parameter to <c>grep</c> is a regex; the second is a filename. |
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<c>grep</c> read each line in /etc/passwd and applied the simple substring |
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regex bash to it, looking for a match. If a match was found, <c>grep</c> |
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printed out the entire line; otherwise, the line was ignored. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Understanding the simple substring</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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In general, if you are searching for a substring, you can just specify the text |
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verbatim without supplying any "special" characters. The only time you'd need |
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to do anything special would be if your substring contained a +, ., *, [, ], or |
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\, in which case these characters would need to be enclosed in quotes and |
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preceded by a backslash. Here are a few more examples of simple substring |
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regular expressions: |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li>/tmp (scans for the literal string /tmp)</li> |
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<li>"\[box\]" (scans for the literal string [box])</li> |
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<li>"\*funny\*" (scans for the literal string *funny*)</li> |
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<li>"ld\.so" (scans for the literal string ld.so)</li> |
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</ul> |
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</body> |
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</section> |
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-- |
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