| 1 |
neysx 06/05/27 13:16:23 |
| 2 |
|
| 3 |
Modified: gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml |
| 4 |
Added: gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml |
| 5 |
Log: |
| 6 |
#123290 New x86 quickinstall guide & a bonus one w/ softraid+lvm2 |
| 7 |
|
| 8 |
Revision Changes Path |
| 9 |
1.52 xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml |
| 10 |
|
| 11 |
file : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml?rev=1.52&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=gentoo |
| 12 |
plain: http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml?rev=1.52&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=gentoo |
| 13 |
diff : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml.diff?r1=1.51&r2=1.52&cvsroot=gentoo |
| 14 |
|
| 15 |
Index: gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml |
| 16 |
=================================================================== |
| 17 |
RCS file: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v |
| 18 |
retrieving revision 1.51 |
| 19 |
retrieving revision 1.52 |
| 20 |
diff -u -r1.51 -r1.52 |
| 21 |
--- gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml 18 Feb 2006 19:26:05 -0000 1.51 |
| 22 |
+++ gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml 27 May 2006 13:16:23 -0000 1.52 |
| 23 |
@@ -1,28 +1,69 @@ |
| 24 |
<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| 25 |
-<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v 1.51 2006/02/18 19:26:05 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
| 26 |
+<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v 1.52 2006/05/27 13:16:23 neysx Exp $ --> |
| 27 |
|
| 28 |
<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
| 29 |
|
| 30 |
-<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml"> |
| 31 |
+<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml" lang="en"> |
| 32 |
<title>Gentoo Linux x86 Quick Install Guide</title> |
| 33 |
|
| 34 |
<author title="Author"> |
| 35 |
+ <mail link="neysx@g.o">Xavier Neys</mail> |
| 36 |
+</author> |
| 37 |
+<author title="Author"> |
| 38 |
<mail link="swift@g.o">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
| 39 |
</author> |
| 40 |
<author title="Author">Steven Wagner</author> |
| 41 |
|
| 42 |
<abstract> |
| 43 |
-The Quick install guide covers the Gentoo install process in a |
| 44 |
-non-verbose manner. Users should already have prior experience with |
| 45 |
-installing Gentoo Linux if they want to follow this guide. |
| 46 |
+The Quick install guide covers the Gentoo install process in a non-verbose |
| 47 |
+manner. Its purpose is to allow users to perform a stage3 install in no time. |
| 48 |
+Users should already have prior experience with installing Gentoo Linux if they |
| 49 |
+want to follow this guide. |
| 50 |
</abstract> |
| 51 |
|
| 52 |
<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 53 |
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 54 |
<license/> |
| 55 |
|
| 56 |
-<version>2.10</version> |
| 57 |
-<date>2006-02-18</date> |
| 58 |
+<version>3</version> |
| 59 |
+<date>2006-05-15</date> |
| 60 |
+ |
| 61 |
+<chapter> |
| 62 |
+<title>Introduction</title> |
| 63 |
+<section> |
| 64 |
+<body> |
| 65 |
+ |
| 66 |
+<p> |
| 67 |
+This guide contains all commands you should use to complete a stage3 |
| 68 |
+installation of Gentoo. You need a connection to the Internet to download the |
| 69 |
+stage3 and Portage snapshots. |
| 70 |
+</p> |
| 71 |
+ |
| 72 |
+<p> |
| 73 |
+Timing output follows all commands that take more than a couple of seconds to |
| 74 |
+finish. Commands were timed on an AMD 2000 1.66 Ghz PC with 512 Mb of RAM and |
| 75 |
+two SATA disks connected to a hardware controller. |
| 76 |
+</p> |
| 77 |
+ |
| 78 |
+<pre caption="Test box specs"> |
| 79 |
+<comment>(The following specs and the timing information should help you determine |
| 80 |
+a rough estimate of the time you need to complete your install)</comment> |
| 81 |
+ |
| 82 |
+# <i>grep bogo /proc/cpuinfo</i> |
| 83 |
+bogomip : 3337.81 |
| 84 |
+ |
| 85 |
+# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/sda</i> |
| 86 |
+/dev/sda: |
| 87 |
+ Timing cached reads: 1100 MB in 2.00 seconds = 549.97 MB/sec |
| 88 |
+ Timing buffered disk reads: 224 MB in 3.01 seconds = 74.36 MB/sec |
| 89 |
+ |
| 90 |
+# <i>grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo</i> |
| 91 |
+MemTotal: 509248 kB |
| 92 |
+</pre> |
| 93 |
+ |
| 94 |
+</body> |
| 95 |
+</section> |
| 96 |
+</chapter> |
| 97 |
|
| 98 |
<chapter> |
| 99 |
<title>Quick Install Guide</title> |
| 100 |
@@ -32,25 +73,67 @@ |
| 101 |
|
| 102 |
<p> |
| 103 |
Download a CD from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. |
| 104 |
-You can find the ISOs in |
| 105 |
-<path>releases/<architecture>/<release>/installcd</path>. The |
| 106 |
-<e>minimal</e> installation CD is only useful for Internet-based installations; |
| 107 |
-with the <e>universal</e> installation CD you can perform a networkless |
| 108 |
-installation as well. |
| 109 |
+You can find the minimal CD ISO in |
| 110 |
+<path>releases/x86/<release>/installcd</path> or the LiveCD ISO in |
| 111 |
+<path>releases/x86/<release>/livecd</path>. The <e>minimal</e> |
| 112 |
+installation CD is only useful for Internet-based installations. You can use |
| 113 |
+the <e>LiveCD</e> to perform a networkless installation as documented in the |
| 114 |
+<uri link="/doc/en/handbook/2006.0/handbook-x86.xml">2006.0 x86 installation |
| 115 |
+handbook</uri>. The minimal CD is recommended. |
| 116 |
</p> |
| 117 |
|
| 118 |
<p> |
| 119 |
-<uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Burn</uri> the CD and boot it. Press |
| 120 |
-<c>F2</c> at the boot screen to find out what boot options exist. Once booted, |
| 121 |
-you need to start the <c>pcmcia</c> init script if you need PCMCIA support. |
| 122 |
+<uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Burn</uri> the CD and boot it. |
| 123 |
</p> |
| 124 |
|
| 125 |
+</body> |
| 126 |
+</section> |
| 127 |
+<section> |
| 128 |
+<title>Booting the CD</title> |
| 129 |
+<body> |
| 130 |
+ |
| 131 |
<p> |
| 132 |
-The installation CDs allow you to start an <c>sshd</c> server, add additional |
| 133 |
-users, run <c>irssi</c> (a command-line chat client) and surf the web using |
| 134 |
-<c>lynx</c> or <c>links</c>. |
| 135 |
+Press |
| 136 |
+<c>F2</c> at the boot screen to find out what boot options exist. You can |
| 137 |
+either start <c>gentoo</c> or <c>gentoo-nofb</c>, the latter disables the |
| 138 |
+framebuffer. If you booted the LiveCD, don't forget to add the <c>nox</c> |
| 139 |
+option to prevent the X graphical environment from starting. Several options |
| 140 |
+allow to enable or disable some features. If all goes well, your hardware will |
| 141 |
+be detected and all modules will be loaded. If the kernel fails to boot |
| 142 |
+properly or if your computer hangs during the boot procedure, you may have to |
| 143 |
+experience with different configurations. The safest way is probably to use the |
| 144 |
+<c>nodetect</c> option and then load required modules explicitely. |
| 145 |
+</p> |
| 146 |
+ |
| 147 |
+<pre caption="Boot the minimal CD"> |
| 148 |
+Gentoo Linux Installation LiveCD http://www.gentoo.org |
| 149 |
+Enter to Boot; F1 for kernels F2 for options. |
| 150 |
+boot: <i>gentoo-nofb</i> |
| 151 |
+ <comment>(or in case of problems)</comment> |
| 152 |
+boot: <i>gentoo-nofb nodetect</i> |
| 153 |
+</pre> |
| 154 |
+ |
| 155 |
+</body> |
| 156 |
+</section> |
| 157 |
+<section> |
| 158 |
+<title>Optional: loading modules</title> |
| 159 |
+<body> |
| 160 |
+ |
| 161 |
+<p> |
| 162 |
+If you used the <c>nodetect</c> option, once booted, load the required modules. |
| 163 |
+You need to enable networking and have access to your disks. The <c>lspci</c> |
| 164 |
+command can help you identify your hardware. |
| 165 |
</p> |
| 166 |
|
| 167 |
+<pre caption="Load required modules"> |
| 168 |
+livecd root # <i>lspci</i> |
| 169 |
+<comment>(Use lspci's output to identify required modules)</comment> |
| 170 |
+ |
| 171 |
+<comment>(The following is an example, adapt it to your hardware)</comment> |
| 172 |
+livecd root # <i>modprobe 3w-9xxx</i> |
| 173 |
+livecd root # <i>modprobe r8169</i> |
| 174 |
+</pre> |
| 175 |
+ |
| 176 |
</body> |
| 177 |
</section> |
| 178 |
<section> |
| 179 |
@@ -77,6 +160,80 @@ |
| 180 |
<c>export http_proxy</c>, <c>ftp_proxy</c> and <c>RSYNC_PROXY</c>. |
| 181 |
</p> |
| 182 |
|
| 183 |
+<pre caption="Configure networking the guided way"> |
| 184 |
+livecd root # <i>net-setup eth0</i> |
| 185 |
+</pre> |
| 186 |
+ |
| 187 |
+<p> |
| 188 |
+Alternatively, you can start networking manually. The following example assigns |
| 189 |
+the IP addess 192.168.1.10 to your PC and defines 192.168.1.1 as your router |
| 190 |
+and name server. |
| 191 |
+</p> |
| 192 |
+ |
| 193 |
+<pre caption="Configure networking the manual way"> |
| 194 |
+livecd root # <i>ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10/24</i> |
| 195 |
+livecd root # <i>route add default gw 192.168.1.1</i> |
| 196 |
+livecd root # <i>echo nameserver 192.168.1.1 > /etc/resolv.conf</i> |
| 197 |
+</pre> |
| 198 |
+ |
| 199 |
+<p> |
| 200 |
+The installation CD allows you to start an <c>sshd</c> server, add additional |
| 201 |
+users, run <c>irssi</c> (a command-line chat client) and surf the web using |
| 202 |
+<c>lynx</c> or <c>links</c>. |
| 203 |
+</p> |
| 204 |
+ |
| 205 |
+</body> |
| 206 |
+</section> |
| 207 |
+<section> |
| 208 |
+<title>Optional: connect to your new box over ssh</title> |
| 209 |
+<body> |
| 210 |
+ |
| 211 |
+<p> |
| 212 |
+The most interesting feature is of course <c>sshd</c>. You can start it and |
| 213 |
+then connect from another machine and cut and paste commands from this guide. |
| 214 |
+</p> |
| 215 |
+ |
| 216 |
+<pre caption="Start sshd"> |
| 217 |
+livecd root # <i>time /etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
| 218 |
+ * Generating hostkey ... |
| 219 |
+<comment>(sshd generates the key and displays more output)</comment> |
| 220 |
+ * starting sshd ... [ok] |
| 221 |
+ |
| 222 |
+real 0m13.688s |
| 223 |
+user 0m9.420s |
| 224 |
+sys 0m0.090s |
| 225 |
+</pre> |
| 226 |
+ |
| 227 |
+<p> |
| 228 |
+Now, set the root password on the liveCD so that you can connect to it from |
| 229 |
+another PC. Please note that allowing root to connect over ssh is not |
| 230 |
+recommended under normal circumstances. If you can't trust your local network, |
| 231 |
+use a long and complex password, you should use it only once as it will |
| 232 |
+disappear after your first rebot. |
| 233 |
+</p> |
| 234 |
+ |
| 235 |
+<pre caption="Set the root password"> |
| 236 |
+livecd root # <i>passwd</i> |
| 237 |
+New UNIX password: <comment>type_a_password</comment> |
| 238 |
+Retype new UNIX password: <comment>type_a_password</comment> |
| 239 |
+passwd: password updated successfully |
| 240 |
+</pre> |
| 241 |
+ |
| 242 |
+<p> |
| 243 |
+Now, you can start a terminal on another PC and connect to your new box, follow |
| 244 |
+the rest of this guide in another window, and cut and paste commands. |
| 245 |
+</p> |
| 246 |
+ |
| 247 |
+<pre caption="Connect to your new box from another PC"> |
| 248 |
+<comment>(Use the IP addess of your new box)</comment> |
| 249 |
+$ <i>ssh root@192.168.1.10</i> |
| 250 |
+The authenticity of host '192.168.1.10 (192.168.1.10)' can't be established. |
| 251 |
+RSA key fingerprint is 96:e7:2d:12:ac:9c:b0:94:90:9f:40:89:b0:45:26:8f. |
| 252 |
+Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? <i>yes</i> |
| 253 |
+Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. |
| 254 |
+Password: <comment>type_the_password</comment> |
| 255 |
+</pre> |
| 256 |
+ |
| 257 |
</body> |
| 258 |
</section> |
| 259 |
<section> |
| 260 |
@@ -85,8 +242,28 @@ |
| 261 |
|
| 262 |
<p> |
| 263 |
Use <c>fdisk</c> or <c>cfdisk</c> to create your partition layout. You need at |
| 264 |
-least a swap partition (type 82) and one Linux partition (type 83). |
| 265 |
-</p> |
| 266 |
+least a swap partition (type 82) and one Linux partition (type 83). The |
| 267 |
+following scenario creates a <path>/boot</path>, a swap and a main partition |
| 268 |
+as used in our handbook. The device name is likely to be either |
| 269 |
+<path>/dev/sda</path> for a SATA or SCSI disk, or <path>/dev/hda</path> for an |
| 270 |
+IDE disk. |
| 271 |
+</p> |
| 272 |
+ |
| 273 |
+<pre caption="Create the partitions"> |
| 274 |
+livecd ~ # <i>fdisk /dev/sda</i> |
| 275 |
+ |
| 276 |
+<comment>(The rest of this guide uses the following partitioning scheme)</comment> |
| 277 |
+livecd ~ # <i>fdisk -l /dev/sda</i> |
| 278 |
+ |
| 279 |
+Disk /dev/sda: 599.9 GB, 599978409984 bytes |
| 280 |
+255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72943 cylinders |
| 281 |
+Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes |
| 282 |
+ |
| 283 |
+ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
| 284 |
+/dev/sda1 1 12 96358+ 83 Linux |
| 285 |
+/dev/sda2 13 110 787185 82 Linux swap / Solaris |
| 286 |
+/dev/sda3 111 72943 585031072+ 83 Linux |
| 287 |
+</pre> |
| 288 |
|
| 289 |
<p> |
| 290 |
Use <c>mke2fs</c>, <c>mke2fs -j</c>, <c>mkreiserfs</c>, <c>mkfs.xfs</c> and |
| 291 |
@@ -94,12 +271,29 @@ |
| 292 |
swap partition using <c>mkswap</c> and <c>swapon</c>. |
| 293 |
</p> |
| 294 |
|
| 295 |
+<pre caption="Create the file systems and activate swap"> |
| 296 |
+<comment>(ext2 is all you need on the /boot partition)</comment> |
| 297 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs /dev/sda1</i> |
| 298 |
+ |
| 299 |
+<comment>(Let's use ext3 on the main partition)</comment> |
| 300 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/sda3</i> |
| 301 |
+ |
| 302 |
+<comment>(Create and activate swap)</comment> |
| 303 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2</i> |
| 304 |
+</pre> |
| 305 |
+ |
| 306 |
<p> |
| 307 |
Mount the freshly created file systems on <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. Create |
| 308 |
directories for the other mount points (like <path>/mnt/gentoo/boot</path>) if |
| 309 |
-you need them. |
| 310 |
+you need them and mount them too. |
| 311 |
</p> |
| 312 |
|
| 313 |
+<pre caption="Mount the file systems"> |
| 314 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 315 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot</i> |
| 316 |
+livecd ~ # <i>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot</i> |
| 317 |
+</pre> |
| 318 |
+ |
| 319 |
</body> |
| 320 |
</section> |
| 321 |
<section> |
| 322 |
@@ -107,157 +301,232 @@ |
| 323 |
<body> |
| 324 |
|
| 325 |
<p> |
| 326 |
-First make sure your date is set correctly using <c>date MMDDhhmmYYYY</c>. Next, |
| 327 |
-download a stage from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri> |
| 328 |
-or use the one available on the installation CD |
| 329 |
-(<path>/mnt/cdrom/stages</path>). Go to <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> and unpack the |
| 330 |
-stage using <c>tar -xvjpf <stage tarball></c>. |
| 331 |
+First make sure your date and time is set correctly using <c>date |
| 332 |
+MMDDhhmmYYYY</c>. Use UTC time. |
| 333 |
</p> |
| 334 |
|
| 335 |
-<p> |
| 336 |
-Install a Portage snapshot if you are performing a networkless installation: go |
| 337 |
-to <path>/mnt/gentoo/usr</path> and run |
| 338 |
-<c>tar -xvjf /mnt/cdrom/snapshots/<snapshot></c>. Other users |
| 339 |
-can download a portage snapshot and install it likewise. |
| 340 |
-</p> |
| 341 |
+<pre caption="Set the date and UTC time"> |
| 342 |
+<comment>(Check the clock)</comment> |
| 343 |
+livecd ~ # <i>date</i> |
| 344 |
+Mon Mar 6 00:14:13 UTC 2006 |
| 345 |
+ |
| 346 |
+<comment>(Set the current date and time if required)</comment> |
| 347 |
+livecd ~ # <i>date 030600162006</i> <comment>(Format is MMDDhhmmYYYY)</comment> |
| 348 |
+Mon Mar 6 00:16:00 UTC 2006 |
| 349 |
+</pre> |
| 350 |
|
| 351 |
<p> |
| 352 |
-For a networkless installation, copy over the source code files from |
| 353 |
-<path>/mnt/cdrom/distfiles/</path> to |
| 354 |
-<path>/mnt/gentoo/usr/portage/distfiles/</path>. |
| 355 |
+Next, download a stage from one of our <uri |
| 356 |
+link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. Go to <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> and |
| 357 |
+unpack the stage using <c>tar xjpf <stage3 tarball></c>. |
| 358 |
</p> |
| 359 |
|
| 360 |
+<pre caption="Download a stage3 archive"> |
| 361 |
+livecd ~ # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 362 |
+livecd gentoo # <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml</i> |
| 363 |
+<comment>(Pick a mirror, move to the releases/x86/current/stages directory |
| 364 |
+highlight the stage3 of your choice, probably stage3-i686-2006.0.tar.bz2 |
| 365 |
+and press D to download it)</comment> |
| 366 |
+ |
| 367 |
+<comment>(<b>Or</b> download it directly with wget without choosing a nearby mirror)</comment> |
| 368 |
+livecd ~ # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 369 |
+livecd gentoo # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/releases/x86/current/stages/stage3-i686-2006.0.tar.bz2</i> |
| 370 |
+</pre> |
| 371 |
+ |
| 372 |
+<pre caption="Unpack the stage3 archive"> |
| 373 |
+livecd gentoo # <i>time tar xjpf stage3*</i> |
| 374 |
+ |
| 375 |
+real 1m13.157s |
| 376 |
+user 1m2.920s |
| 377 |
+sys 0m7.230s |
| 378 |
+</pre> |
| 379 |
+ |
| 380 |
<p> |
| 381 |
-Edit <path>/mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf</path> to suit your needs (USE flags, |
| 382 |
-CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS). You can use the <c>nano</c> editor for this. |
| 383 |
+Install the latest Portage snapshot. Proceed as for the stage3 archive: choose |
| 384 |
+a nearby mirror from our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">list</uri>, download |
| 385 |
+the latest snapshot and unpack it. |
| 386 |
</p> |
| 387 |
|
| 388 |
+<pre caption="Download the latest Portage snapshot"> |
| 389 |
+livecd gentoo # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 390 |
+livecd usr # <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml</i> |
| 391 |
+<comment>(Pick a mirror, move to the snapshots/ directory, |
| 392 |
+highlight <b>portage-latest.tar.bz2</b> and press D to download it)</comment> |
| 393 |
+ |
| 394 |
+<comment>(<b>Or</b> download it directly with wget without choosing a nearby mirror)</comment> |
| 395 |
+livecd gentoo # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 396 |
+livecd usr # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2</i> |
| 397 |
+</pre> |
| 398 |
+ |
| 399 |
+<pre caption="Unpack the Portage snapshot"> |
| 400 |
+livecd usr # <i>time tar xjf portage*</i> |
| 401 |
+ |
| 402 |
+real 0m51.523s |
| 403 |
+user 0m28.680s |
| 404 |
+sys 0m12.840s |
| 405 |
+</pre> |
| 406 |
+ |
| 407 |
</body> |
| 408 |
</section> |
| 409 |
<section> |
| 410 |
-<title>Installing the Gentoo Base System</title> |
| 411 |
+<title>Chrooting</title> |
| 412 |
<body> |
| 413 |
|
| 414 |
<p> |
| 415 |
-Mount the <path>/proc</path> file system first, copy over the |
| 416 |
-<path>/etc/resolv.conf</path> file and then chroot into your Gentoo |
| 417 |
-environment. |
| 418 |
+Mount the <path>/proc</path> file system, copy over the |
| 419 |
+<path>/etc/resolv.conf</path> file, then chroot into your Gentoo environment. |
| 420 |
</p> |
| 421 |
|
| 422 |
-<pre caption="Preparing and chrooting"> |
| 423 |
-# <i>mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc</i> |
| 424 |
-# <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/</i> |
| 425 |
-# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
| 426 |
-# <i>env-update</i> && <i>source /etc/profile</i> |
| 427 |
+<pre caption="Chroot"> |
| 428 |
+livecd usr # <i>cd /</i> |
| 429 |
+livecd / # <i>mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc</i> |
| 430 |
+livecd / # <i>cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/</i> |
| 431 |
+livecd / # <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
| 432 |
+livecd / # <i>env-update && source /etc/profile</i> |
| 433 |
+>>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache... |
| 434 |
</pre> |
| 435 |
|
| 436 |
-<p> |
| 437 |
-If you are not running a networkless installation, issue <c>emerge --sync</c> to |
| 438 |
-update your Portage tree. |
| 439 |
-</p> |
| 440 |
+</body> |
| 441 |
+</section> |
| 442 |
+<section> |
| 443 |
+<title>Set your timezone</title> |
| 444 |
+<body> |
| 445 |
|
| 446 |
<p> |
| 447 |
-Next, make sure <path>/etc/make.profile</path> points to the right profile. The |
| 448 |
-default one should suffice for most users; sub profiles are available for |
| 449 |
-different kernels (like <path>2.4/</path> for 2.4-kernel based profiles). Change |
| 450 |
-the profile using <c>ln -sfn</c>. |
| 451 |
+Set your time zone information by copying the correct file from |
| 452 |
+<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path> over the <path>/etc/localtime</path> file. |
| 453 |
</p> |
| 454 |
|
| 455 |
-<ul> |
| 456 |
- <li> |
| 457 |
- Bootstrapping (not available for networkless installations) happens using |
| 458 |
- <c>scripts/bootstrap.sh</c> in the <path>/usr/portage</path> directory. |
| 459 |
- </li> |
| 460 |
- <li> |
| 461 |
- System installation (not available for networkless installations) happens |
| 462 |
- using <c>emerge -e system</c> (or <c>-N</c> if you haven't |
| 463 |
- altered the default CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS). |
| 464 |
- </li> |
| 465 |
-</ul> |
| 466 |
+<pre caption="Copy your timezone file"> |
| 467 |
+<comment>(Using Brussels as an example)</comment> |
| 468 |
+livecd / # <i>cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime</i> |
| 469 |
+livecd / # <i>date</i> |
| 470 |
+Wed Mar 8 00:46:05 CET 2006 |
| 471 |
+</pre> |
| 472 |
|
| 473 |
</body> |
| 474 |
</section> |
| 475 |
<section> |
| 476 |
-<title>Kernel Configuration</title> |
| 477 |
+<title>Set your host and domain name</title> |
| 478 |
<body> |
| 479 |
|
| 480 |
<p> |
| 481 |
-Set your time zone information by copying correct file from |
| 482 |
-<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path> over the <path>/etc/localtime</path> file. |
| 483 |
-</p> |
| 484 |
- |
| 485 |
-<p> |
| 486 |
-Install a kernel source (<c>gentoo-sources</c> and <c>vanilla-sources</c> are |
| 487 |
-available for networkless installations) and configure it using <c>make |
| 488 |
-menuconfig</c> followed by |
| 489 |
-<c>make && make modules_install</c> inside |
| 490 |
-<path>/usr/src/linux</path>. Copy the <path>arch/i386/boot/bzImage</path> file |
| 491 |
-over to <path>/boot</path>. You can also <c>emerge genkernel</c> and use |
| 492 |
-<c>genkernel all</c>. |
| 493 |
+Set your host name in <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path> and |
| 494 |
+<path>/etc/hosts</path>. In the following example, we use <c>mybox</c> as host |
| 495 |
+name and <c>at.myplace</c> as domain name. You can either edit the config |
| 496 |
+files with <c>nano</c> or use the following commands: |
| 497 |
</p> |
| 498 |
|
| 499 |
-<p> |
| 500 |
-Genkernel users will need to <c>emerge coldplug</c> and |
| 501 |
-<c>rc-update add coldplug default</c>. |
| 502 |
-</p> |
| 503 |
+<pre caption="Set host and domain name"> |
| 504 |
+livecd / # <i>cd /etc</i> |
| 505 |
+livecd etc # <i>echo "127.0.0.1 mybox.at.myplace mybox localhost" > hosts</i> |
| 506 |
+livecd etc # <i>sed -i -e 's/HOSTNAME.*/HOSTNAME="mybox"/' conf.d/hostname</i> |
| 507 |
+<comment>(Use defined host name and check)</comment> |
| 508 |
+livecd etc # <i>hostname mybox</i> |
| 509 |
+livecd etc # <i>hostname -f</i> |
| 510 |
+mybox.at.myplace |
| 511 |
+</pre> |
| 512 |
|
| 513 |
</body> |
| 514 |
</section> |
| 515 |
<section> |
| 516 |
-<title>Configuring the System</title> |
| 517 |
+<title>Kernel Configuration</title> |
| 518 |
<body> |
| 519 |
|
| 520 |
<p> |
| 521 |
-Edit your <path>/etc/fstab</path>; an example follows: |
| 522 |
-</p> |
| 523 |
+Install a kernel source (usually <c>gentoo-sources</c> or |
| 524 |
+<c>vanilla-sources</c>), configure it, compile it and copy the |
| 525 |
+<path>arch/i386/boot/bzImage</path> file to <path>/boot</path>. |
| 526 |
+</p> |
| 527 |
+ |
| 528 |
+<pre caption="Install a kernel source, compile it and install the kernel"> |
| 529 |
+livecd / # <i>time emerge gentoo-sources</i> |
| 530 |
+ |
| 531 |
+real 2m51.435s |
| 532 |
+user 0m58.220s |
| 533 |
+sys 0m29.890s |
| 534 |
+livecd / # <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i> |
| 535 |
+livecd linux # <i>make menuconfig</i> |
| 536 |
+<comment>(Configure your kernel)</comment> |
| 537 |
+livecd linux # <i>time make -j2</i> |
| 538 |
+ |
| 539 |
+<comment>(Elapsed time depends highly on the options you selected)</comment> |
| 540 |
+real 3m51.962s |
| 541 |
+user 3m27.060s |
| 542 |
+sys 0m24.310s |
| 543 |
|
| 544 |
-<pre caption="Example fstab"> |
| 545 |
-/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2 |
| 546 |
-/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0 |
| 547 |
-/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1 |
| 548 |
-none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
| 549 |
-none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0 |
| 550 |
-/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0 |
| 551 |
+livecd linux # <i>make modules_install</i> |
| 552 |
+livecd linux # <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel</i> |
| 553 |
</pre> |
| 554 |
|
| 555 |
-<p> |
| 556 |
-Edit <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path> and <path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path>, |
| 557 |
-run <c>rc-update add domainname default</c> and edit |
| 558 |
-<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> to |
| 559 |
-configure your network. Add the <c>net.eth0</c> init script to the default |
| 560 |
-run level. If you have multiple NICs, symlink them to the <c>net.eth0</c> |
| 561 |
-init script and add them to the default run level as well. |
| 562 |
-</p> |
| 563 |
+</body> |
| 564 |
+</section> |
| 565 |
+<section> |
| 566 |
+<title>Configure the system</title> |
| 567 |
+<body> |
| 568 |
|
| 569 |
<p> |
| 570 |
-Edit <path>/etc/hosts</path>; examples are given below: |
| 571 |
+Edit your <path>/etc/fstab</path> and replace <c>BOOT</c>, <c>ROOT</c> and |
| 572 |
+<c>SWAP</c> with the actual partition names. Don't forget to check that the |
| 573 |
+file systems match your installation. |
| 574 |
</p> |
| 575 |
|
| 576 |
-<pre caption="Example /etc/hosts"> |
| 577 |
-<comment>(For static IPs)</comment> |
| 578 |
-127.0.0.1 localhost |
| 579 |
-192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny |
| 580 |
-192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny |
| 581 |
-192.168.0.7 tux.homenetwork tux |
| 582 |
- |
| 583 |
-<comment>(For a dynamic IP)</comment> |
| 584 |
-127.0.0.1 localhost.homenetwork tux localhost |
| 585 |
+<pre caption="Example fstab"> |
| 586 |
+livecd linux # <i>cd /etc</i> |
| 587 |
+livecd etc # <i>nano -w fstab</i> |
| 588 |
+/dev/<i>sda1</i> /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 |
| 589 |
+/dev/<i>sda3</i> / ext3 noatime 0 1 |
| 590 |
+/dev/<i>sda2</i> none swap sw 0 0 |
| 591 |
</pre> |
| 592 |
|
| 593 |
<p> |
| 594 |
+Configure your network in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. Add the <c>net.eth0</c> |
| 595 |
+init script to the default run level. If you have multiple NICs, symlink them |
| 596 |
+to the <c>net.eth0</c> init script and add them to the default run level as |
| 597 |
+well. Either edit <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with <c>nano</c> or use the |
| 598 |
+following commands: |
| 599 |
+</p> |
| 600 |
+ |
| 601 |
+<pre caption="Configure networking"> |
| 602 |
+livecd etc # <i>cd conf.d</i> |
| 603 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>echo 'config_eth0=( "192.168.1.10/24" )' >> net</i> |
| 604 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>echo 'routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.1.1" )' >> net</i> |
| 605 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i> |
| 606 |
+<comment>(If you compiled your network card driver as a module, |
| 607 |
+add it to /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6)</comment> |
| 608 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>echo r8169 >> /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</i> |
| 609 |
+<comment>(If you want to reconnect via ssh after you have rebooted your new box:)</comment> |
| 610 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add sshd default</i> |
| 611 |
+</pre> |
| 612 |
+ |
| 613 |
+<note> |
| 614 |
Emerge <c>pcmcia-cs</c> and add it to the default run level if you need it. |
| 615 |
-</p> |
| 616 |
+</note> |
| 617 |
|
| 618 |
<p> |
| 619 |
Set the root password using <c>passwd</c>. |
| 620 |
</p> |
| 621 |
|
| 622 |
+<pre caption="Set the root password"> |
| 623 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>passwd</i> |
| 624 |
+New UNIX password: <comment>type_the_password</comment> |
| 625 |
+Retype new UNIX password: <comment>type_the_password_again</comment> |
| 626 |
+passwd: password updated successfully |
| 627 |
+</pre> |
| 628 |
+ |
| 629 |
<p> |
| 630 |
-Set the necessary system configuration in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, |
| 631 |
+Check the system configuration in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, |
| 632 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/rc</path>, <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, |
| 633 |
-<path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>. |
| 634 |
+<path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> and edit any of those files if required. |
| 635 |
</p> |
| 636 |
|
| 637 |
+<pre caption="Optional: edit some config files"> |
| 638 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i> |
| 639 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/rc</i> |
| 640 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps</i> |
| 641 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i> |
| 642 |
+</pre> |
| 643 |
+ |
| 644 |
</body> |
| 645 |
</section> |
| 646 |
<section> |
| 647 |
@@ -265,20 +534,41 @@ |
| 648 |
<body> |
| 649 |
|
| 650 |
<p> |
| 651 |
-Users of a 2.4 kernel need to run <c>emerge --unmerge udev</c> and |
| 652 |
-<c>emerge devfsd</c>. |
| 653 |
+Install a system logger like <c>syslog-ng</c> and a cron daemon like |
| 654 |
+<c>vixie-cron</c>, and add them to the default run level. |
| 655 |
</p> |
| 656 |
|
| 657 |
-<p> |
| 658 |
-Install a system logger like <c>syslog-ng</c> and add it to the default |
| 659 |
-run level. Do the same for a cron daemon like <c>vixie-cron</c> (optional). |
| 660 |
-</p> |
| 661 |
+<note> |
| 662 |
+Cron daemons depend on an MTA. <c>mail-mta/ssmtp</c> will be pulled in as a |
| 663 |
+dependency. If you want to use a more advanced MTA, you might want to install |
| 664 |
+it now. If you are in a hurry, let ssmtp be installed and remove it later when |
| 665 |
+you install the MTA of your choice. |
| 666 |
+</note> |
| 667 |
+ |
| 668 |
+<pre caption="Install a syslogger and a cron daemon"> |
| 669 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>time emerge syslog-ng vixie-cron</i> |
| 670 |
+ |
| 671 |
+real 1m52.699s |
| 672 |
+user 1m1.630s |
| 673 |
+sys 0m35.220s |
| 674 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add syslog-ng default</i> |
| 675 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add vixie-cron default</i> |
| 676 |
+</pre> |
| 677 |
|
| 678 |
<p> |
| 679 |
Install the necessary file system tools (<c>xfsprogs</c>, <c>reiserfsprogs</c> |
| 680 |
-or <c>jfsutils</c>) and networking tools (<c>dhcpcd</c> or <c>rp-pppoe</c>). |
| 681 |
+or <c>jfsutils</c>) and networking tools (<c>dhcpcd</c> or <c>rp-pppoe</c>) if |
| 682 |
+you need any. |
| 683 |
</p> |
| 684 |
|
| 685 |
+<pre caption="Install extra tools if required"> |
| 686 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>emerge xfsprogs</i> <comment>(If you use the XFS file system)</comment> |
| 687 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>emerge jfsutils</i> <comment>(If you use the JFS file system)</comment> |
| 688 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>emerge reiserfsprogs</i> <comment>(If you use the Reiser file system)</comment> |
| 689 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>emerge dhcpcd</i> <comment>(If you need a DHCP client)</comment> |
| 690 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>USE="-X" emerge rp-pppoe</i> <comment>(If you need PPPoE ADSL connectivity)</comment> |
| 691 |
+</pre> |
| 692 |
+ |
| 693 |
</body> |
| 694 |
</section> |
| 695 |
<section> |
| 696 |
@@ -286,90 +576,344 @@ |
| 697 |
<body> |
| 698 |
|
| 699 |
<p> |
| 700 |
-Emerge <c>grub</c> or <c>lilo</c>. Edit <path>/boot/grub/grub.conf</path> or |
| 701 |
-<path>/etc/lilo.conf</path> to your likings. Below you will find an example for |
| 702 |
-each. |
| 703 |
+Emerge <c>grub</c> or <c>lilo</c>. Configure either |
| 704 |
+<path>/boot/grub/grub.conf</path> or <path>/etc/lilo.conf</path> and install |
| 705 |
+the bootloader you have emerged. |
| 706 |
+</p> |
| 707 |
+ |
| 708 |
+<p> |
| 709 |
+<b>1. Using grub</b> |
| 710 |
</p> |
| 711 |
|
| 712 |
+<pre caption="Emerge grub and edit its configuration file"> |
| 713 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>time emerge grub</i> |
| 714 |
+ |
| 715 |
+real 1m8.634s |
| 716 |
+user 0m39.460s |
| 717 |
+sys 0m15.280s |
| 718 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf</i> |
| 719 |
+</pre> |
| 720 |
+ |
| 721 |
<pre caption="Example grub.conf"> |
| 722 |
default 0 |
| 723 |
-timeout 30 |
| 724 |
-splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz |
| 725 |
+timeout 10 |
| 726 |
|
| 727 |
-<comment># genkernel users</comment> |
| 728 |
-title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11-r3 |
| 729 |
+title=Gentoo |
| 730 |
root (hd0,0) |
| 731 |
-kernel /kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev |
| 732 |
-initrd /initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
| 733 |
+kernel /boot/kernel root=/dev/sda3 |
| 734 |
+</pre> |
| 735 |
|
| 736 |
-<comment># non-genkernel users (no initrd)</comment> |
| 737 |
-title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11 r3 |
| 738 |
-root (hd0,0) |
| 739 |
-kernel /kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/hda3 |
| 740 |
+<pre caption="Install grub"> |
| 741 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>grub</i> |
| 742 |
+Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time. |
| 743 |
+ |
| 744 |
+grub> <i>root (hd0,0)</i> |
| 745 |
+ Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83 |
| 746 |
+ |
| 747 |
+grub> <i>setup (hd0)</i> |
| 748 |
+ Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes |
| 749 |
+ Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes |
| 750 |
+ Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes |
| 751 |
+ Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 16 sectors are embedded. |
| 752 |
+succeeded |
| 753 |
+ Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/ |
| 754 |
+grub/menu.lst"... succeeded |
| 755 |
+Done. |
| 756 |
+ |
| 757 |
+grub> <i>quit</i> |
| 758 |
+</pre> |
| 759 |
+ |
| 760 |
+<p> |
| 761 |
+Now, proceed with the <uri link="#reboot">rebooting section</uri>. |
| 762 |
+</p> |
| 763 |
+ |
| 764 |
+<p> |
| 765 |
+<b>2. Using lilo</b> |
| 766 |
+</p> |
| 767 |
|
| 768 |
-<comment># Only in case you want to dual-boot</comment> |
| 769 |
-title=Windows XP |
| 770 |
-root (hd0,5) |
| 771 |
-makeactive |
| 772 |
-chainloader +1 |
| 773 |
+<pre caption="Emerge lilo and edit its configuration file"> |
| 774 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>time emerge lilo</i> |
| 775 |
+ |
| 776 |
+real 0m47.016s |
| 777 |
+user 0m22.770s |
| 778 |
+sys 0m5.980s |
| 779 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/lilo.conf</i> |
| 780 |
</pre> |
| 781 |
|
| 782 |
<pre caption="Example lilo.conf"> |
| 783 |
-boot=/dev/hda |
| 784 |
+boot=/dev/sda |
| 785 |
prompt |
| 786 |
timeout=50 |
| 787 |
default=gentoo |
| 788 |
|
| 789 |
-<comment># For non-genkernel users</comment> |
| 790 |
-image=/boot/kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
| 791 |
- label=gentoo |
| 792 |
+image=/boot/kernel |
| 793 |
+ label=Gentoo |
| 794 |
read-only |
| 795 |
- root=/dev/hda3 |
| 796 |
+ root=/dev/sda3 |
| 797 |
+</pre> |
| 798 |
|
| 799 |
-<comment># For genkernel users</comment> |
| 800 |
-image=/boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
| 801 |
- label=gentoo |
| 802 |
- read-only |
| 803 |
- root=/dev/ram0 |
| 804 |
- append="init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev" |
| 805 |
- initrd=/boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
| 806 |
+<pre caption="Install lilo"> |
| 807 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>lilo</i> |
| 808 |
+Added Gentoo * |
| 809 |
+</pre> |
| 810 |
+ |
| 811 |
+</body> |
| 812 |
+</section> |
| 813 |
+<section id="reboot"> |
| 814 |
+<title>Reboot</title> |
| 815 |
+<body> |
| 816 |
|
| 817 |
-<comment># For dual-booting</comment> |
| 818 |
-other=/dev/hda6 |
| 819 |
- label=windows |
| 820 |
+<p> |
| 821 |
+Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all file systems and reboot: |
| 822 |
+</p> |
| 823 |
+ |
| 824 |
+<pre caption="Reboot"> |
| 825 |
+livecd conf.d # <i>exit</i> |
| 826 |
+livecd / # <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 827 |
+livecd / # <i>reboot</i> |
| 828 |
+<comment>(Don't forget to remove the CD)</comment> |
| 829 |
+</pre> |
| 830 |
+ |
| 831 |
+</body> |
| 832 |
+</section> |
| 833 |
+<section id="after-reboot"> |
| 834 |
+<title>Finalizing the Installation</title> |
| 835 |
+<body> |
| 836 |
+ |
| 837 |
+<note> |
| 838 |
+The <b>total</b> elapsed time between the display of the boot promt on the |
| 839 |
+minimal CD and the display of the login promt after the reboot was |
| 840 |
+<b>00:42:31</b> on our test box. Yes, less than one hour! Note that this time |
| 841 |
+also includes the stage3, Portage snapshot and several packages download time |
| 842 |
+and the time spent configuring the kernel. |
| 843 |
+</note> |
| 844 |
+ |
| 845 |
+<p> |
| 846 |
+Log in as <c>root</c>, then add one or more users for daily use with |
| 847 |
+<c>useradd</c>. |
| 848 |
+</p> |
| 849 |
+ |
| 850 |
+<pre caption="Connect to your new box from another PC"> |
| 851 |
+<comment>(Clean up your known_hosts file because your new box |
| 852 |
+has generated a new definitive hostkey)</comment> |
| 853 |
+$ <i>nano -w ~/.ssh/known_hosts</i> |
| 854 |
+<comment>(Look for the IP of your new PC and delete the line, |
| 855 |
+then save the file and exit nano)</comment> |
| 856 |
+ |
| 857 |
+<comment>(Use the IP addess of your new box)</comment> |
| 858 |
+$ <i>ssh root@192.168.1.10</i> |
| 859 |
+The authenticity of host '192.168.1.10 (192.168.1.10)' can't be established. |
| 860 |
+RSA key fingerprint is 96:e7:2d:12:ac:9c:b0:94:90:9f:40:89:b0:45:26:8f. |
| 861 |
+Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? <i>yes</i> |
| 862 |
+Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. |
| 863 |
+Password: <comment>type_the_password</comment> |
| 864 |
+</pre> |
| 865 |
+ |
| 866 |
+<pre caption="Add a new user"> |
| 867 |
+mybox ~ # <i>adduser -g users -G lp,wheel,audio,cdrom,portage,cron -m john</i> |
| 868 |
+mybox ~ # <i>passwd john</i> |
| 869 |
+New UNIX password: <comment>Set John's password</comment> |
| 870 |
+Retype new UNIX password: <comment>Type John's password again</comment> |
| 871 |
+passwd: password updated successfully |
| 872 |
+</pre> |
| 873 |
+ |
| 874 |
+</body> |
| 875 |
+</section> |
| 876 |
+<section> |
| 877 |
+<title>Last configuration touches</title> |
| 878 |
+<body> |
| 879 |
+ |
| 880 |
+<p> |
| 881 |
+Start by selecting nearby mirrors either by defining the <c>RSYNC</c> and |
| 882 |
+<c>GENTOO_MIRRORS</c> variables in <path>/etc/make.conf</path> or by using |
| 883 |
+<c>mirrorselect</c>. You can also define the number of concurrent compilation |
| 884 |
+processes at this point. |
| 885 |
+</p> |
| 886 |
+ |
| 887 |
+<pre caption="Use mirrorselect and set MAKEOPTS"> |
| 888 |
+mybox ~ # <i>emerge mirrorselect</i> |
| 889 |
+mybox ~ # <i>mirrorselect -i -o >> /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 890 |
+mybox ~ # <i>mirrorselect -i -r -o >> /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 891 |
+<comment>(Usually, (the number of processors + 1) is a good value)</comment> |
| 892 |
+mybox ~ # <i>echo 'MAKEOPTS="-j2"' >> /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 893 |
+</pre> |
| 894 |
+ |
| 895 |
+<p> |
| 896 |
+Now is a good time to enable or disable some USE flags. Run <c>emerge -vpe</c> |
| 897 |
+to list all currently installed packages and their enabled and disabled USE |
| 898 |
+flags. Either edit <path>/etc/make.conf</path> or use the following command to |
| 899 |
+define the USE variable: |
| 900 |
+</p> |
| 901 |
+ |
| 902 |
+<pre caption="View USE flags in use and enable or disable some"> |
| 903 |
+mybox ~ # <i>emerge -vpe world</i> |
| 904 |
+<comment>(Portage displays the packages and their USE flags, as an example, let's |
| 905 |
+disable ipv6 and fortran, and enable userlocales and unicode)</comment> |
| 906 |
+mybox ~ # <i>echo 'USE="nptl nptlonly -ipv6 -fortran userlocales unicode"' >> /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 907 |
</pre> |
| 908 |
|
| 909 |
<p> |
| 910 |
-GRUB users need to install GRUB in the MBR using |
| 911 |
-<c>grub-install /dev/hda</c> after copying <path>/proc/mounts</path> to |
| 912 |
-<path>/etc/mtab</path>. LILO users need to run <c>/sbin/lilo</c>. |
| 913 |
+If you enabled the <c>userlocales</c> USE flag for versions of glibc that still |
| 914 |
+support it, you should edit <path>/etc/locales.build</path> and define the |
| 915 |
+locales you want to build. |
| 916 |
</p> |
| 917 |
|
| 918 |
<p> |
| 919 |
-Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all file systems and reboot. |
| 920 |
+Later versions of glibc ignore the userlocales USE flag and use |
| 921 |
+<path>/etc/locale.gen</path> instead. If you are upgrading glibc to such a |
| 922 |
+version, you should create <path>/etc/locale.gen</path> <e>and remove</e> |
| 923 |
+<path>/etc/locales.build</path>. Check the output of <c>emerge -vpe world</c> |
| 924 |
+to know whether glibc supports the userlocales USE flag. |
| 925 |
</p> |
| 926 |
|
| 927 |
+<pre caption="Define locales"> |
| 928 |
+mybox ~ # <i>cd /etc</i> |
| 929 |
+<comment>(For versions of glibc with the userlocales USE flag)</comment> |
| 930 |
+mybox etc # <i>nano -w locales.build</i> |
| 931 |
+ |
| 932 |
+<comment>(For recent versions of glibc, convert locales.build)</comment> |
| 933 |
+mybox etc # <i>grep '^[^#].*' locales.build | sed 's:/: :' >locale.gen</i> |
| 934 |
+mybox etc # <i>rm locales.build</i> |
| 935 |
+mybox etc # <i>nano -w locale.gen</i> |
| 936 |
+</pre> |
| 937 |
+ |
| 938 |
+<p> |
| 939 |
+Last but not least, you may want to alter the <c>CFLAGS</c> variable in your |
| 940 |
+<path>/etc/make.conf</path> to optimise the code to your specific needs. Please |
| 941 |
+note that using a long list of flags is rarely needed and can even lead to a |
| 942 |
+broken system. It is recommended to specify the processor type in the |
| 943 |
+<c>march</c> option and stick to <c>-O2 -pipe</c>. |
| 944 |
+</p> |
| 945 |
+ |
| 946 |
+<p> |
| 947 |
+You may also want to switch to <b>~x86</b>. You should only do this if you can |
| 948 |
+deal with the odd broken ebuild or package. If you'd rather keep your system |
| 949 |
+stable, don't add the <c>ACCEPT_KEYWORDS</c> variable. Adding |
| 950 |
+<c>FEATURES="parallel-fetch ccache"</c> is also a good idea. |
| 951 |
+</p> |
| 952 |
+ |
| 953 |
+<note> |
| 954 |
+At the time of writing, the ~x86 version of <c>portage</c> is significantly |
| 955 |
+faster when updating its cache. Even if you stick to the x86 keyword, you might |
| 956 |
+want to use the ~x86 version of Portage. Check the <uri |
| 957 |
+link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=3&chap=3#doc_chap2">Mixing |
| 958 |
+Stable with Testing</uri> chapter if you forgot how to do this. |
| 959 |
+</note> |
| 960 |
+ |
| 961 |
+<pre caption="Last edit of make.conf"> |
| 962 |
+mybox etc # <i>nano -w make.conf</i> |
| 963 |
+<comment>(Set -march to your CPU type in CFLAGS)</comment> |
| 964 |
+CFLAGS="-O2 -march=<i>athlon-xp</i> -pipe" |
| 965 |
+<comment>(Add the following line)</comment> |
| 966 |
+FEATURES="parallel-fetch ccache" |
| 967 |
+<comment>(Only add the following if you know what you're doing)</comment> |
| 968 |
+ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" |
| 969 |
+</pre> |
| 970 |
+ |
| 971 |
+<p> |
| 972 |
+You might want to recompile your whole system twice to make full use of your |
| 973 |
+latest configuration changes. It would take quite a long time to complete and |
| 974 |
+yield minimal speed benefits. It is recommended that you let your system |
| 975 |
+optimise itself gradually over time when new versions of packages are |
| 976 |
+released. |
| 977 |
+</p> |
| 978 |
+ |
| 979 |
+<p> |
| 980 |
+Recompiling only the packages that have already been updated since the release |
| 981 |
+or that are affected by your new USE flags will take enough time. You might |
| 982 |
+also have to remove packages that block your upgrade. Look for "[blocks |
| 983 |
+<brite>B</brite> ]" in the output of <c>emerge -vpuD --newuse world</c> and |
| 984 |
+use <c>emerge -C</c> to remove them. |
| 985 |
+</p> |
| 986 |
+ |
| 987 |
+<pre caption="Update your packages"> |
| 988 |
+<comment>(Install ccache)</comment> |
| 989 |
+mybox etc # <i>emerge ccache</i> |
| 990 |
+ |
| 991 |
+<comment>(Please not that the switch to ~x86 causes many packages to be upgraded)</comment> |
| 992 |
+mybox etc # <i>emerge -vpuD --newuse world</i> |
| 993 |
+<comment>(Take a good look at the package list and their USE flags, |
| 994 |
+remove blocking packages if any, and start the lengthy process)</comment> |
| 995 |
+mybox etc # <i>time emerge -vuD --newuse world</i> |
| 996 |
+<comment>(79 packages have been (re)compiled)</comment> |
| 997 |
+ |
| 998 |
+real 180m13.276s |
| 999 |
+user 121m22.905s |
| 1000 |
+sys 36m31.472s |
| 1001 |
+ |
| 1002 |
+<comment>(Remerge libtool to avoid further potential problems)</comment> |
| 1003 |
+mybox etc # <i>emerge libtool</i> |
| 1004 |
+ |
| 1005 |
+<comment>(Update config files, make sure you <b>do not</b> let etc-update |
| 1006 |
+update config files you have edited)</comment> |
| 1007 |
+mybox etc # <i>etc-update</i> |
| 1008 |
+ |
| 1009 |
+<comment>(If perl has been updated, you should run the perl-cleaner script)</comment> |
| 1010 |
+mybox etc # <i>time perl-cleaner all</i> |
| 1011 |
+real 1m6.495s |
| 1012 |
+user 0m42.699s |
| 1013 |
+sys 0m10.641s |
| 1014 |
+ |
| 1015 |
+<comment>(In case of a major upgrade of python, you should run the python-updater script)</comment> |
| 1016 |
+mybox etc # <i>python-updater</i> |
| 1017 |
+</pre> |
| 1018 |
+ |
| 1019 |
</body> |
| 1020 |
</section> |
| 1021 |
<section> |
| 1022 |
-<title>Finalizing the Installation</title> |
| 1023 |
+<title>What to do next</title> |
| 1024 |
<body> |
| 1025 |
|
| 1026 |
<p> |
| 1027 |
-Log in as <c>root</c>, then add one or more users for day-to-day use using |
| 1028 |
-<c>useradd -m -G <groups> <username></c>. |
| 1029 |
+Depending on what your new Gentoo machine is supposed to do, you will probably |
| 1030 |
+want to install server applications or a desktop system. Just as an example, |
| 1031 |
+<c>emerge gnome</c> and <c>emerge kde</c> have been timed on the ~x86 system |
| 1032 |
+installed as describe above. Both have been installed from the same starting |
| 1033 |
+point. |
| 1034 |
</p> |
| 1035 |
|
| 1036 |
<p> |
| 1037 |
-If you performed a networkless installation, mount the packages CD at |
| 1038 |
-<path>/mnt/cdrom</path> and <c>export PKGDIR="/mnt/cdrom"</c> after which |
| 1039 |
-you can <c>emerge -k <package></c> to install additional |
| 1040 |
-software like <c>kde</c>. |
| 1041 |
+You should check our <uri link="/doc/en/">documentation index</uri> to find out |
| 1042 |
+how to install and configure the applications of your choice. |
| 1043 |
</p> |
| 1044 |
|
| 1045 |
-<p> |
| 1046 |
-Thanks for installing Gentoo! |
| 1047 |
-</p> |
| 1048 |
+<impo> |
| 1049 |
+The following is only an example. It is in no way meant as a recommended setup. |
| 1050 |
+</impo> |
| 1051 |
+ |
| 1052 |
+<pre caption="Emerge GNOME"> |
| 1053 |
+mybox etc # <i>emerge -vp gnome</i> |
| 1054 |
+<comment>(Look at the list of packages and their USE flags, |
| 1055 |
+then edit make.conf if required.</comment> |
| 1056 |
+mybox etc # <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 1057 |
+<comment>The following USE flags have been defined)</comment> |
| 1058 |
+USE="nptl nptlonly -ipv6 -fortran unicode svg hal dbus \ |
| 1059 |
+ -kde -qt -arts -eds -esd gnome gstreamer gtk -xmms firefox" |
| 1060 |
+ |
| 1061 |
+mybox etc # <i>time emerge gnome</i> |
| 1062 |
+<comment>(326 packages have been emerged)</comment> |
| 1063 |
+ |
| 1064 |
+real 520m44.532s |
| 1065 |
+user 339m21.144s |
| 1066 |
+sys 146m22.337s |
| 1067 |
+</pre> |
| 1068 |
+ |
| 1069 |
+<pre caption="Emerge KDE"> |
| 1070 |
+mybox etc # <i>emerge -vp kde-meta</i> |
| 1071 |
+<comment>(Look at the list of packages and their USE flags, |
| 1072 |
+then edit make.conf if required.</comment> |
| 1073 |
+mybox etc # <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 1074 |
+<comment>The following USE flags have been defined)</comment> |
| 1075 |
+USE="nptl nptlonly -ipv6 -fortran unicode svg hal dbus \ |
| 1076 |
+ kde qt -arts -eds -esd -gnome -gstreamer -gtk -xmms -firefox" |
| 1077 |
+ |
| 1078 |
+mybox etc # <i>time emerge kde-meta</i> |
| 1079 |
+<comment>(391 packages have been emerged)</comment> |
| 1080 |
+ |
| 1081 |
+real 1171m25.318s |
| 1082 |
+user 851m26.393s |
| 1083 |
+sys 281m45.629s |
| 1084 |
+</pre> |
| 1085 |
|
| 1086 |
</body> |
| 1087 |
</section> |
| 1088 |
|
| 1089 |
|
| 1090 |
|
| 1091 |
1.1 xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml |
| 1092 |
|
| 1093 |
file : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=gentoo |
| 1094 |
plain: http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=gentoo |
| 1095 |
|
| 1096 |
Index: gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml |
| 1097 |
=================================================================== |
| 1098 |
<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| 1099 |
<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml,v 1.1 2006/05/27 13:16:23 neysx Exp $ --> |
| 1100 |
|
| 1101 |
<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
| 1102 |
|
| 1103 |
<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml" lang="en"> |
| 1104 |
<title>Gentoo Linux x86 with Software Raid and LVM2 Quick Install Guide</title> |
| 1105 |
|
| 1106 |
<author title="Author"> |
| 1107 |
<mail link="neysx@g.o">Xavier Neys</mail> |
| 1108 |
</author> |
| 1109 |
<author title="Author"> |
| 1110 |
<mail link="swift@g.o">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
| 1111 |
</author> |
| 1112 |
<author title="Author">Steven Wagner</author> |
| 1113 |
|
| 1114 |
<abstract> |
| 1115 |
The Quick install guide covers the Gentoo install process in a non-verbose |
| 1116 |
manner. Its purpose is to allow users to perform a stage3 install with software |
| 1117 |
RAID and LVM2 in no time. Users should already have prior experience with |
| 1118 |
installing Gentoo Linux if they want to follow this guide. |
| 1119 |
</abstract> |
| 1120 |
|
| 1121 |
<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 1122 |
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 1123 |
<license/> |
| 1124 |
|
| 1125 |
<version>1</version> |
| 1126 |
<date>2006-05-03</date> |
| 1127 |
|
| 1128 |
<chapter> |
| 1129 |
<title>Introduction</title> |
| 1130 |
<section> |
| 1131 |
<body> |
| 1132 |
|
| 1133 |
<p> |
| 1134 |
This guide contains all commands you should use to complete a stage3 |
| 1135 |
installation including LVM2 on top of software RAID. This guide is targetted at |
| 1136 |
experienced users. You need a connection to the Internet to download the stage3 |
| 1137 |
and Portage snapshots. |
| 1138 |
</p> |
| 1139 |
|
| 1140 |
<p> |
| 1141 |
Timing output follows all commands that take more than a couple of seconds to |
| 1142 |
finish. Commands were timed on an AMD 2000 1.66 Ghz PC with 512 Mb of RAM and |
| 1143 |
two SATA disks connected to a hardware controller configured as JBOD (i.e. two |
| 1144 |
separate hard disks are seen by Gentoo). If you have a "hardware" RAID |
| 1145 |
controller on your motherboard, it is most likely <b>not</b> a hardware |
| 1146 |
controller. |
| 1147 |
</p> |
| 1148 |
|
| 1149 |
<pre caption="Test box specs"> |
| 1150 |
<comment>(The following specs and the timing information should help you determine |
| 1151 |
a rough estimate of the time you need to complete your install)</comment> |
| 1152 |
|
| 1153 |
# <i>grep bogo /proc/cpuinfo</i> |
| 1154 |
bogomip : 3337.81 |
| 1155 |
|
| 1156 |
# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sdb</i> |
| 1157 |
/dev/sda: |
| 1158 |
reads: 1048 MB in 2.00 seconds = 524.00 MB/sec |
| 1159 |
Timing buffered disk reads: 152 MB in 3.01 seconds = 50.50 MB/sec |
| 1160 |
|
| 1161 |
/dev/sdb: |
| 1162 |
Timing cached reads: 1048 MB in 2.00 seconds = 524.00 MB/sec |
| 1163 |
Timing buffered disk reads: 152 MB in 3.01 seconds = 50.50 MB/sec |
| 1164 |
|
| 1165 |
# <i>grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo</i> |
| 1166 |
MemTotal: 509248 kB |
| 1167 |
</pre> |
| 1168 |
|
| 1169 |
</body> |
| 1170 |
</section> |
| 1171 |
</chapter> |
| 1172 |
|
| 1173 |
<chapter> |
| 1174 |
<title>Quick Install Guide</title> |
| 1175 |
<section> |
| 1176 |
<title>Installation Media</title> |
| 1177 |
<body> |
| 1178 |
|
| 1179 |
<p> |
| 1180 |
Download a CD from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. |
| 1181 |
You can find the minimal CD ISO in |
| 1182 |
<path>releases/x86/<release>/installcd</path> or the LiveCD ISO in |
| 1183 |
<path>releases/x86/<release>/livecd</path>. The <e>minimal</e> |
| 1184 |
installation CD is only useful for Internet-based installations. You can use |
| 1185 |
the <e>LiveCD</e> to perform a networkless installation as documented in the |
| 1186 |
<uri link="/doc/en/handbook/2006.0/handbook-x86.xml">2006.0 x86 installation |
| 1187 |
handbook</uri>. The minimal CD is recommended. |
| 1188 |
</p> |
| 1189 |
|
| 1190 |
<p> |
| 1191 |
<uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Burn</uri> the CD and boot it. |
| 1192 |
</p> |
| 1193 |
|
| 1194 |
</body> |
| 1195 |
</section> |
| 1196 |
<section> |
| 1197 |
<title>Booting the CD</title> |
| 1198 |
<body> |
| 1199 |
|
| 1200 |
<p> |
| 1201 |
Press |
| 1202 |
<c>F2</c> at the boot screen to find out what boot options exist. You can |
| 1203 |
either start <c>gentoo</c> or <c>gentoo-nofb</c>, the latter disables the |
| 1204 |
framebuffer. If you booted the LiveCD, don't forget to add the <c>nox</c> |
| 1205 |
option to prevent the X graphical environment from starting. Several options |
| 1206 |
allow to enable or disable some features. If all goes well, your hardware will |
| 1207 |
be detected and all modules will be loaded. If the kernel fails to boot |
| 1208 |
properly or if your computer hangs during the boot procedure, you may have to |
| 1209 |
experience with different configurations. The safest way is probably to use the |
| 1210 |
<c>nodetect</c> option and then load required modules explicitely. |
| 1211 |
</p> |
| 1212 |
|
| 1213 |
<pre caption="Boot the minimal CD"> |
| 1214 |
Gentoo Linux Installation LiveCD http://www.gentoo.org |
| 1215 |
Enter to Boot; F1 for kernels F2 for options. |
| 1216 |
boot: <i>gentoo-nofb</i> |
| 1217 |
<comment>(or in case of problems)</comment> |
| 1218 |
boot: <i>gentoo-nofb nodetect</i> |
| 1219 |
</pre> |
| 1220 |
|
| 1221 |
</body> |
| 1222 |
</section> |
| 1223 |
<section> |
| 1224 |
<title>Optional: loading modules</title> |
| 1225 |
<body> |
| 1226 |
|
| 1227 |
<p> |
| 1228 |
If you used the <c>nodetect</c> option, once booted, load the required modules. |
| 1229 |
You need to enable networking and have access to your disks. The <c>lspci</c> |
| 1230 |
command can help you identify your hardware. |
| 1231 |
</p> |
| 1232 |
|
| 1233 |
<pre caption="Load required modules"> |
| 1234 |
livecd root # <i>lspci</i> |
| 1235 |
<comment>(Use lspci's output to identify required modules)</comment> |
| 1236 |
|
| 1237 |
<comment>(The following is an example, adapt it to your hardware)</comment> |
| 1238 |
livecd root # <i>modprobe 3w-9xxx</i> |
| 1239 |
livecd root # <i>modprobe r8169</i> |
| 1240 |
</pre> |
| 1241 |
|
| 1242 |
</body> |
| 1243 |
</section> |
| 1244 |
<section> |
| 1245 |
<title>Network Configuration</title> |
| 1246 |
<body> |
| 1247 |
|
| 1248 |
<p> |
| 1249 |
If your network does not work already, you can use <c>net-setup</c> to |
| 1250 |
configure your network. You might need to load support for your network card |
| 1251 |
using <c>modprobe</c> prior to the configuration. If you have ADSL, use |
| 1252 |
<c>adsl-setup</c> and <c>adsl-start</c>. If you are using an ADSL router, it |
| 1253 |
establishes the connection for you and you don't need to run those scripts. For |
| 1254 |
PPTP support, first edit <path>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</path> and |
| 1255 |
<path>/etc/ppp/options.pptp</path> and then use <c>pptp |
| 1256 |
<server ip></c>. |
| 1257 |
</p> |
| 1258 |
|
| 1259 |
<p> |
| 1260 |
For wireless access, use <c>iwconfig</c> to set the wireless parameters and then |
| 1261 |
use either <c>net-setup</c> again or run <c>ifconfig</c>, <c>dhcpcd</c> and/or |
| 1262 |
<c>route</c> manually. |
| 1263 |
</p> |
| 1264 |
|
| 1265 |
<p> |
| 1266 |
If you are behind a proxy, do not forget to initialize your system using |
| 1267 |
<c>export http_proxy</c>, <c>ftp_proxy</c> and <c>RSYNC_PROXY</c>. |
| 1268 |
</p> |
| 1269 |
|
| 1270 |
<pre caption="Configure networking the guided way"> |
| 1271 |
livecd root # <i>net-setup eth0</i> |
| 1272 |
</pre> |
| 1273 |
|
| 1274 |
<p> |
| 1275 |
Alternatively, you can start networking manually. The following example assigns |
| 1276 |
the IP addess 192.168.1.10 to your PC and defines 192.168.1.1 as your router |
| 1277 |
and name server. |
| 1278 |
</p> |
| 1279 |
|
| 1280 |
<pre caption="Configure networking the manual way"> |
| 1281 |
livecd root # <i>ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10/24</i> |
| 1282 |
livecd root # <i>route add default gw 192.168.1.1</i> |
| 1283 |
livecd root # <i>echo nameserver 192.168.1.1 > /etc/resolv.conf</i> |
| 1284 |
</pre> |
| 1285 |
|
| 1286 |
<p> |
| 1287 |
The installation CD allows you to start an <c>sshd</c> server, add additional |
| 1288 |
users, run <c>irssi</c> (a command-line chat client) and surf the web using |
| 1289 |
<c>lynx</c> or <c>links</c>. |
| 1290 |
</p> |
| 1291 |
|
| 1292 |
</body> |
| 1293 |
</section> |
| 1294 |
<section> |
| 1295 |
<title>Optional: connect to your new box over ssh</title> |
| 1296 |
<body> |
| 1297 |
|
| 1298 |
<p> |
| 1299 |
The most interesting feature is of course <c>sshd</c>. You can start it and |
| 1300 |
then connect from another machine and cut and paste commands from this guide. |
| 1301 |
</p> |
| 1302 |
|
| 1303 |
<pre caption="Start sshd"> |
| 1304 |
livecd root # <i>time /etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
| 1305 |
* Generating hostkey ... |
| 1306 |
<comment>(sshd generates the key and displays more output)</comment> |
| 1307 |
* starting sshd ... [ok] |
| 1308 |
|
| 1309 |
real 0m13.688s |
| 1310 |
user 0m9.420s |
| 1311 |
sys 0m0.090s |
| 1312 |
</pre> |
| 1313 |
|
| 1314 |
<p> |
| 1315 |
Now, set the root password on the liveCD so that you can connect to it from |
| 1316 |
another PC. Please note that allowing root to connect over ssh is not |
| 1317 |
recommended under normal circumstances. If you can't trust your local network, |
| 1318 |
use a long and complex password, you should use it only once as it will |
| 1319 |
disappear after your first rebot. |
| 1320 |
</p> |
| 1321 |
|
| 1322 |
<pre caption="Set the root password"> |
| 1323 |
livecd root # <i>passwd</i> |
| 1324 |
New UNIX password: <comment>type_a_password</comment> |
| 1325 |
Retype new UNIX password: <comment>type_a_password</comment> |
| 1326 |
passwd: password updated successfully |
| 1327 |
</pre> |
| 1328 |
|
| 1329 |
<p> |
| 1330 |
Now, you can start a terminal on another PC and connect to your new box, follow |
| 1331 |
the rest of this guide in another window, and cut and paste commands. |
| 1332 |
</p> |
| 1333 |
|
| 1334 |
<pre caption="Connect to your new box from another PC"> |
| 1335 |
<comment>(Use the IP addess of your new box)</comment> |
| 1336 |
$ <i>ssh root@192.168.1.10</i> |
| 1337 |
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.10 (192.168.1.10)' can't be established. |
| 1338 |
RSA key fingerprint is 96:e7:2d:12:ac:9c:b0:94:90:9f:40:89:b0:45:26:8f. |
| 1339 |
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? <i>yes</i> |
| 1340 |
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. |
| 1341 |
Password: <comment>type_the_password</comment> |
| 1342 |
</pre> |
| 1343 |
|
| 1344 |
</body> |
| 1345 |
</section> |
| 1346 |
<section> |
| 1347 |
<title>Preparing the Disks</title> |
| 1348 |
<body> |
| 1349 |
|
| 1350 |
<p> |
| 1351 |
Load the software RAID and LVM2 modules. |
| 1352 |
</p> |
| 1353 |
|
| 1354 |
<pre caption="Load RAID and LVM2 modules"> |
| 1355 |
livecd ~ # <i>modprobe raid0</i> |
| 1356 |
livecd ~ # <i>modprobe raid1</i> |
| 1357 |
<comment>(raid5, raid6 and raid10 are also available)</comment> |
| 1358 |
|
| 1359 |
livecd ~ # <i>modprobe dm-mod</i> |
| 1360 |
</pre> |
| 1361 |
|
| 1362 |
<p> |
| 1363 |
Use <c>fdisk</c> or <c>cfdisk</c> to create your partition layout. The device |
| 1364 |
names are likely to be either <path>/dev/sda</path> and <path>/dev/sdb</path> |
| 1365 |
for a SATA or SCSI disks, or <path>/dev/hda</path> and <path>/dev/hdb</path> |
| 1366 |
for IDE disks. The following layout will be used in this guide: |
| 1367 |
</p> |
| 1368 |
|
| 1369 |
<table> |
| 1370 |
<tr> |
| 1371 |
<ti/> |
| 1372 |
<th><path>/dev/sda</path></th> |
| 1373 |
<th><path>/dev/sdb</path></th> |
| 1374 |
<th>Type</th> |
| 1375 |
</tr> |
| 1376 |
<tr> |
| 1377 |
<th><path>/dev/md1</path></th> |
| 1378 |
<th><path>/boot</path></th> |
| 1379 |
<th><path>/boot</path></th> |
| 1380 |
<ti>Raid-1 (mirroring)</ti> |
| 1381 |
</tr> |
| 1382 |
<tr> |
| 1383 |
<th/> |
| 1384 |
<th>swap</th> |
| 1385 |
<th>swap</th> |
| 1386 |
<ti>Normal partitions</ti> |
| 1387 |
</tr> |
| 1388 |
<tr> |
| 1389 |
<th><path>/dev/md3</path></th> |
| 1390 |
<th><path>/</path></th> |
| 1391 |
<th><path>/</path></th> |
| 1392 |
<ti>Raid-1 (mirroring)</ti> |
| 1393 |
</tr> |
| 1394 |
<tr> |
| 1395 |
<th><path>/dev/md4</path></th> |
| 1396 |
<th colspan="2">LVM2 volumes</th> |
| 1397 |
<ti>Raid-0 (striped)</ti> |
| 1398 |
</tr> |
| 1399 |
</table> |
| 1400 |
|
| 1401 |
<note> |
| 1402 |
The partition you boot from must not be striped. It may not be raid-5 or |
| 1403 |
raid-0. |
| 1404 |
</note> |
| 1405 |
|
| 1406 |
<note> |
| 1407 |
On the one hand, if you want extra stability, consider using raid-1 (or even |
| 1408 |
raid-5) for your swap partition(s) so that a drive failure would not corrupt |
| 1409 |
your swap space and crash applications that are using it. On the other hand, if |
| 1410 |
you want extra performance, just let the kernel use distinct swap partitions as |
| 1411 |
it does striping by default. |
| 1412 |
</note> |
| 1413 |
|
| 1414 |
<pre caption="Create the partitions"> |
| 1415 |
livecd ~ # <i>fdisk /dev/sda</i> |
| 1416 |
<comment>(Make sure you use type fd)</comment> |
| 1417 |
|
| 1418 |
<comment>(The rest of this guide uses the following partitioning scheme)</comment> |
| 1419 |
livecd ~ # <i>fdisk -l /dev/sda</i> |
| 1420 |
|
| 1421 |
Disk /dev/sda: 299.9 GB, 299989204992 bytes |
| 1422 |
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36471 cylinders |
| 1423 |
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes |
| 1424 |
|
| 1425 |
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
| 1426 |
/dev/sda1 1 11 88326 fd Linux raid autodetect |
| 1427 |
/dev/sda2 12 61 401625 82 Linux swap / Solaris |
| 1428 |
/dev/sda3 62 311 2008125 fd Linux raid autodetect |
| 1429 |
/dev/sda4 312 36471 290455200 fd Linux raid autodetect |
| 1430 |
|
| 1431 |
<comment>(Partition the second disk exactly as the first)</comment> |
| 1432 |
livecd ~ # <i>fdisk /dev/sdb</i> |
| 1433 |
</pre> |
| 1434 |
|
| 1435 |
<p> |
| 1436 |
Then create the RAID device nodes and devices: |
| 1437 |
</p> |
| 1438 |
|
| 1439 |
<pre caption="Create device nodes and devices"> |
| 1440 |
livecd ~ # <i>mknod /dev/md1 b 9 1</i> |
| 1441 |
livecd ~ # <i>mknod /dev/md3 b 9 3</i> |
| 1442 |
livecd ~ # <i>mknod /dev/md4 b 9 4</i> |
| 1443 |
|
| 1444 |
livecd ~ # <i>mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1</i> |
| 1445 |
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started. |
| 1446 |
livecd ~ # <i>mdadm --create /dev/md3 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3</i> |
| 1447 |
mdadm: array /dev/md3 started. |
| 1448 |
livecd ~ # <i>mdadm --create /dev/md4 --level=0 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda4 /dev/sdb4</i> |
| 1449 |
mdadm: array /dev/md4 started. |
| 1450 |
|
| 1451 |
<comment>(Wait until all units are ready)</comment> |
| 1452 |
livecd ~ # <i>cat /proc/mdstat</i> |
| 1453 |
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] |
| 1454 |
md4 : active raid0 sdb4[1] sda4[0] |
| 1455 |
581006592 blocks 64k chunks |
| 1456 |
|
| 1457 |
md3 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] |
| 1458 |
1959808 blocks [2/2] [UU] |
| 1459 |
|
| 1460 |
md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] |
| 1461 |
88256 blocks [2/2] [UU] |
| 1462 |
</pre> |
| 1463 |
|
| 1464 |
<p> |
| 1465 |
Then create the LVM2 volumes in <path>/dev/md4</path>. The following scheme is |
| 1466 |
used as an <b>example</b>: |
| 1467 |
</p> |
| 1468 |
|
| 1469 |
<table> |
| 1470 |
<tr> |
| 1471 |
<th>Directory</th> |
| 1472 |
<th>Size</th> |
| 1473 |
<th>File system</th> |
| 1474 |
</tr> |
| 1475 |
<tr> |
| 1476 |
<ti>/usr</ti> |
| 1477 |
<ti>8 GB</ti> |
| 1478 |
<ti>ext3</ti> |
| 1479 |
</tr> |
| 1480 |
<tr> |
| 1481 |
<ti>/usr/portage</ti> |
| 1482 |
<ti>2 GB</ti> |
| 1483 |
<ti>ext2, small block size, many inodes</ti> |
| 1484 |
</tr> |
| 1485 |
<tr> |
| 1486 |
<ti>/usr/portage/distfiles</ti> |
| 1487 |
<ti>4 GB</ti> |
| 1488 |
<ti>ext2, large bock size, less inodes</ti> |
| 1489 |
</tr> |
| 1490 |
<tr> |
| 1491 |
<ti>/home</ti> |
| 1492 |
<ti>10 GB</ti> |
| 1493 |
<ti>ext3</ti> |
| 1494 |
</tr> |
| 1495 |
<tr> |
| 1496 |
<ti>/opt</ti> |
| 1497 |
<ti>4 GB</ti> |
| 1498 |
<ti>ext3</ti> |
| 1499 |
</tr> |
| 1500 |
<tr> |
| 1501 |
<ti>/var</ti> |
| 1502 |
<ti>4 GB</ti> |
| 1503 |
<ti>ext3</ti> |
| 1504 |
</tr> |
| 1505 |
<tr> |
| 1506 |
<ti>/var/tmp</ti> |
| 1507 |
<ti>6 GB</ti> |
| 1508 |
<ti>ext2</ti> |
| 1509 |
</tr> |
| 1510 |
<tr> |
| 1511 |
<ti>/tmp</ti> |
| 1512 |
<ti>2 GB</ti> |
| 1513 |
<ti>ext2</ti> |
| 1514 |
</tr> |
| 1515 |
</table> |
| 1516 |
|
| 1517 |
<pre caption="Create LVM2 volumes"> |
| 1518 |
livecd ~ # <i>vgscan</i> |
| 1519 |
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... |
| 1520 |
No volume groups found |
| 1521 |
livecd ~ # <i>vgchange -a y</i> |
| 1522 |
No volume groups found |
| 1523 |
|
| 1524 |
<comment>(Create physical volumes, we have only one in our example)</comment> |
| 1525 |
livecd ~ # <i>pvcreate /dev/md4</i> |
| 1526 |
Physical volume "/dev/md4" successfully created |
| 1527 |
|
| 1528 |
<comment>(Create volume groups, again, we have only one in our example)</comment> |
| 1529 |
livecd ~ # <i>vgcreate vg /dev/md4</i> |
| 1530 |
Volume group "vg" successfully created |
| 1531 |
|
| 1532 |
<comment>(Create logical volumes)</comment> |
| 1533 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L8G -nusr vg</i> |
| 1534 |
/dev/cdrom: open failed: Read-only file system |
| 1535 |
Logical volume "usr" created <comment>(Further similar messages not displayed)</comment> |
| 1536 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L2G -nportage vg</i> |
| 1537 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L4G -ndistfiles vg</i> |
| 1538 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L10G -nhome vg</i> |
| 1539 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L4G -nopt vg</i> |
| 1540 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L4G -nvar vg</i> |
| 1541 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L6G -nvartmp vg</i> |
| 1542 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvcreate -L2G -ntmp vg</i> |
| 1543 |
|
| 1544 |
<comment>(Display volume groups and logical volumes)</comment> |
| 1545 |
livecd ~ # <i>vgs</i> |
| 1546 |
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree |
| 1547 |
vg 1 8 0 wz--n 554.09G 514.09G |
| 1548 |
livecd ~ # <i>lvs</i> |
| 1549 |
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Copy% |
| 1550 |
distfiles vg -wi-a- 4.00G |
| 1551 |
home vg -wi-a- 10.00G |
| 1552 |
opt vg -wi-a- 4.00G |
| 1553 |
portage vg -wi-a- 2.00G |
| 1554 |
tmp vg -wi-a- 2.00G |
| 1555 |
usr vg -wi-a- 8.00G |
| 1556 |
var vg -wi-a- 4.00G |
| 1557 |
vartmp vg -wi-a- 6.00G |
| 1558 |
</pre> |
| 1559 |
|
| 1560 |
<p> |
| 1561 |
Use <c>mke2fs</c>, <c>mke2fs -j</c>, <c>mkreiserfs</c>, <c>mkfs.xfs</c> and |
| 1562 |
<c>mkfs.jfs</c> to create file systems. Initialize swap using <c>mkswap</c> and |
| 1563 |
<c>swapon</c>. |
| 1564 |
</p> |
| 1565 |
|
| 1566 |
<pre caption="Create the file systems and activate swap"> |
| 1567 |
<comment>(ext2 is all you need on the /boot partition)</comment> |
| 1568 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs /dev/md1</i> |
| 1569 |
|
| 1570 |
<comment>(Let's use ext3 on the root partition)</comment> |
| 1571 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/md3</i> |
| 1572 |
|
| 1573 |
<comment>(Create file systems on logical volumes)</comment> |
| 1574 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -b 4096 -T largefile /dev/vg/distfiles</i> |
| 1575 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/vg/home</i> |
| 1576 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/vg/opt</i> |
| 1577 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -b 1024 -N 200000 /dev/vg/portage</i> |
| 1578 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs /dev/vg/tmp</i> |
| 1579 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/vg/usr</i> |
| 1580 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs -j -O dir_index /dev/vg/var</i> |
| 1581 |
livecd ~ # <i>mke2fs /dev/vg/vartmp</i> |
| 1582 |
|
| 1583 |
<comment>(Create and activate swap)</comment> |
| 1584 |
livecd ~ # <i>mkswap /dev/sda2 && mkswap /dev/sdb2</i> |
| 1585 |
livecd ~ # <i>swapon -p 1 /dev/sda2 && swapon -p 1 /dev/sdb2</i> |
| 1586 |
<comment>(Check that all swap partitions use the same priority)</comment> |
| 1587 |
livecd ~ # <i>swapon -v -s</i> |
| 1588 |
Filename Type Size Used Priority |
| 1589 |
/dev/sda2 partition 401616 0 1 |
| 1590 |
/dev/sdb2 partition 401616 0 1 |
| 1591 |
</pre> |
| 1592 |
|
| 1593 |
<p> |
| 1594 |
Mount the freshly created file systems on <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. Create |
| 1595 |
directories for the other mount points and mount them too. |
| 1596 |
</p> |
| 1597 |
|
| 1598 |
<pre caption="Mount the file systems"> |
| 1599 |
livecd ~ # <i>mount /dev/md3 /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 1600 |
livecd ~ # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 1601 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mkdir boot home usr opt var tmp</i> |
| 1602 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/md1 /mnt/gentoo/boot</i> |
| 1603 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/usr /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 1604 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/home /mnt/gentoo/home</i> |
| 1605 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/opt /mnt/gentoo/opt</i> |
| 1606 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/tmp /mnt/gentoo/tmp</i> |
| 1607 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/var /mnt/gentoo/var</i> |
| 1608 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mkdir usr/portage var/tmp</i> |
| 1609 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/vartmp /mnt/gentoo/var/tmp</i> |
| 1610 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/portage /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage</i> |
| 1611 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mkdir usr/portage/distfiles</i> |
| 1612 |
livecd gentoo # <i>mount /dev/vg/distfiles /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage/distfiles</i> |
| 1613 |
|
| 1614 |
<comment>(Set proper perms on tmp directories)</comment> |
| 1615 |
livecd gentoo # <i>chmod 1777 /mnt/gentoo/tmp /mnt/gentoo/var/tmp</i> |
| 1616 |
</pre> |
| 1617 |
|
| 1618 |
</body> |
| 1619 |
</section> |
| 1620 |
<section> |
| 1621 |
<title>Setting Up The Stage</title> |
| 1622 |
<body> |
| 1623 |
|
| 1624 |
<p> |
| 1625 |
First make sure your date and time is set correctly using <c>date |
| 1626 |
MMDDhhmmYYYY</c>. Use UTC time. |
| 1627 |
</p> |
| 1628 |
|
| 1629 |
<pre caption="Set the date and UTC time"> |
| 1630 |
<comment>(Check the clock)</comment> |
| 1631 |
livecd gentoo # <i>date</i> |
| 1632 |
Mon Mar 6 00:14:13 UTC 2006 |
| 1633 |
|
| 1634 |
<comment>(Set the current date and time if required)</comment> |
| 1635 |
livecd gentoo # <i>date 030600162006</i> <comment>(Format is MMDDhhmmYYYY)</comment> |
| 1636 |
Mon Mar 6 00:16:00 UTC 2006 |
| 1637 |
</pre> |
| 1638 |
|
| 1639 |
<p> |
| 1640 |
Next, download a stage from one of our <uri |
| 1641 |
link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. Go to <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> and |
| 1642 |
unpack the stage using <c>tar xjpf <stage3 tarball></c>. |
| 1643 |
</p> |
| 1644 |
|
| 1645 |
<pre caption="Download a stage3 archive"> |
| 1646 |
livecd gentoo # <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml</i> |
| 1647 |
<comment>(Pick a mirror, move to the releases/x86/current/stages directory |
| 1648 |
highlight the stage3 of your choice, probably stage3-i686-2006.0.tar.bz2 |
| 1649 |
and press D to download it)</comment> |
| 1650 |
|
| 1651 |
<comment>(<b>Or</b> download it directly with wget without choosing a nearby mirror)</comment> |
| 1652 |
livecd gentoo # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/releases/x86/current/stages/stage3-i686-2006.0.tar.bz2</i> |
| 1653 |
</pre> |
| 1654 |
|
| 1655 |
<pre caption="Unpack the stage3 archive"> |
| 1656 |
livecd gentoo # <i>time tar xjpf stage3*</i> |
| 1657 |
|
| 1658 |
real 1m14.157s |
| 1659 |
user 1m2.920s |
| 1660 |
sys 0m7.530s |
| 1661 |
</pre> |
| 1662 |
|
| 1663 |
<p> |
| 1664 |
Install the latest Portage snapshot. Proceed as for the stage3 archive: choose |
| 1665 |
a nearby mirror from our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">list</uri>, download |
| 1666 |
the latest snapshot and unpack it. |
| 1667 |
</p> |
| 1668 |
|
| 1669 |
<pre caption="Download the latest Portage snapshot"> |
| 1670 |
livecd gentoo # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 1671 |
livecd usr # <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml</i> |
| 1672 |
<comment>(Pick a mirror, move to the snapshots/ directory, |
| 1673 |
highlight <b>portage-latest.tar.bz2</b> and press D to download it)</comment> |
| 1674 |
|
| 1675 |
<comment>(<b>Or</b> download it directly with wget without choosing a nearby mirror)</comment> |
| 1676 |
livecd gentoo # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 1677 |
livecd usr # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2</i> |
| 1678 |
</pre> |
| 1679 |
|
| 1680 |
<pre caption="Unpack the Portage snapshot"> |
| 1681 |
livecd usr # <i>time tar xjf portage-lat*</i> |
| 1682 |
|
| 1683 |
real 0m40.523s |
| 1684 |
user 0m28.280s |
| 1685 |
sys 0m8.240s |
| 1686 |
</pre> |
| 1687 |
|
| 1688 |
</body> |
| 1689 |
</section> |
| 1690 |
<section> |
| 1691 |
<title>Chrooting</title> |
| 1692 |
<body> |
| 1693 |
|
| 1694 |
<p> |
| 1695 |
Mount the <path>/proc</path> file system, copy over the |
| 1696 |
<path>/etc/resolv.conf</path> file, then chroot into your Gentoo environment. |
| 1697 |
</p> |
| 1698 |
|
| 1699 |
<pre caption="Chroot"> |
| 1700 |
livecd usr # <i>cd /</i> |
| 1701 |
livecd / # <i>mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc</i> |
| 1702 |
livecd / # <i>cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/</i> |
| 1703 |
livecd / # <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
| 1704 |
livecd / # <i>env-update && source /etc/profile</i> |
| 1705 |
>>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache... |
| 1706 |
</pre> |
| 1707 |
|
| 1708 |
</body> |
| 1709 |
</section> |
| 1710 |
<section> |
| 1711 |
<title>Set your timezone</title> |
| 1712 |
<body> |
| 1713 |
|
| 1714 |
<p> |
| 1715 |
Set your time zone information by copying the correct file from |
| 1716 |
<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path> over the <path>/etc/localtime</path> file. |
| 1717 |
</p> |
| 1718 |
|
| 1719 |
<pre caption="Copy your timezone file"> |
| 1720 |
<comment>(Using Brussels as an example)</comment> |
| 1721 |
livecd / # <i>cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime</i> |
| 1722 |
livecd / # <i>date</i> |
| 1723 |
Wed Mar 8 00:46:05 CET 2006 |
| 1724 |
</pre> |
| 1725 |
|
| 1726 |
</body> |
| 1727 |
</section> |
| 1728 |
<section> |
| 1729 |
<title>Set your host name and domain name</title> |
| 1730 |
<body> |
| 1731 |
|
| 1732 |
<p> |
| 1733 |
Set your host name in <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path> and |
| 1734 |
<path>/etc/hosts</path>. In the following example, we use |
| 1735 |
<c>mybox</c> as host name and <c>at.myplace</c> as domain name. You can either |
| 1736 |
edit the config files with <c>nano</c> or use the following commands: |
| 1737 |
</p> |
| 1738 |
|
| 1739 |
<pre caption="Set host and domain name"> |
| 1740 |
livecd / # <i>cd /etc</i> |
| 1741 |
livecd etc # <i>echo "127.0.0.1 mybox.at.myplace mybox localhost" > hosts</i> |
| 1742 |
livecd etc # <i>sed -i -e 's/HOSTNAME.*/HOSTNAME="mybox"/' conf.d/hostname</i> |
| 1743 |
<comment>(Use defined host name and check)</comment> |
| 1744 |
livecd etc # <i>hostname mybox</i> |
| 1745 |
livecd etc # <i>hostname -f</i> |
| 1746 |
mybox.at.myplace |
| 1747 |
</pre> |
| 1748 |
|
| 1749 |
</body> |
| 1750 |
</section> |
| 1751 |
<section> |
| 1752 |
<title>Kernel Configuration</title> |
| 1753 |
<body> |
| 1754 |
|
| 1755 |
<p> |
| 1756 |
Install a kernel source (usually <c>gentoo-sources</c> or |
| 1757 |
<c>vanilla-sources</c>), configure it, compile it and copy the |
| 1758 |
<path>arch/i386/boot/bzImage</path> file to <path>/boot</path>. |
| 1759 |
</p> |
| 1760 |
|
| 1761 |
<pre caption="Install a kernel source, compile it and install the kernel"> |
| 1762 |
livecd etc # <i>time emerge gentoo-sources</i> |
| 1763 |
|
| 1764 |
real 3m3.110s |
| 1765 |
user 1m2.320s |
| 1766 |
sys 0m34.990s |
| 1767 |
livecd etc # <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i> |
| 1768 |
livecd linux # <i>make menuconfig</i> |
| 1769 |
|
| 1770 |
<comment>(Configure your kernel as usual and |
| 1771 |
make sure you select the modules you need under raid and lvm)</comment> |
| 1772 |
Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) ---> |
| 1773 |
[*] Multiple devices driver support (RAID and LVM) |
| 1774 |
<*> RAID support |
| 1775 |
< > Linear (append) mode (NEW) |
| 1776 |
<*> RAID-0 (striping) mode |
| 1777 |
<*> RAID-1 (mirroring) mode |
| 1778 |
< > RAID-10 (mirrored striping) mode (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1779 |
< > RAID-4/RAID-5 mode (NEW) |
| 1780 |
< > RAID-6 mode (NEW) |
| 1781 |
< > Multipath I/O support (NEW) |
| 1782 |
< > Faulty test module for MD (NEW) |
| 1783 |
<*> Device mapper support |
| 1784 |
< > Crypt target support (NEW) |
| 1785 |
< > Snapshot target (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1786 |
< > Mirror target (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1787 |
< > Zero target (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1788 |
< > Multipath target (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1789 |
< > Bad Block Relocation Device Target (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) |
| 1790 |
|
| 1791 |
livecd linux # <i>time make -j2</i> |
| 1792 |
|
| 1793 |
<comment>(Elapsed time depends highly on the options you selected)</comment> |
| 1794 |
real 5m5.869s |
| 1795 |
user 4m32.320s |
| 1796 |
sys 0m32.930s |
| 1797 |
|
| 1798 |
livecd linux # <i>make modules_install</i> |
| 1799 |
livecd linux # <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel</i> |
| 1800 |
</pre> |
| 1801 |
|
| 1802 |
</body> |
| 1803 |
</section> |
| 1804 |
<section> |
| 1805 |
<title>Configure the system</title> |
| 1806 |
<body> |
| 1807 |
|
| 1808 |
<p> |
| 1809 |
Edit your <path>/etc/fstab</path> and replace <c>BOOT</c>, <c>ROOT</c> and |
| 1810 |
<c>SWAP</c> with the actual partition names and add your logical volumes. Don't |
| 1811 |
forget to check that the file systems match your installation. |
| 1812 |
</p> |
| 1813 |
|
| 1814 |
<pre caption="Example fstab"> |
| 1815 |
livecd linux # <i>cd /etc</i> |
| 1816 |
livecd etc # <i>nano -w fstab</i> |
| 1817 |
/dev/<i>md1</i> /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 |
| 1818 |
/dev/<i>md3</i> / ext3 noatime 0 1 |
| 1819 |
/dev/<i>sda2</i> none swap sw,pri=1 0 0 |
| 1820 |
/dev/<i>sdb2</i> none swap sw,pri=1 0 0 |
| 1821 |
/dev/vg/usr /usr ext3 noatime 1 2 |
| 1822 |
/dev/vg/portage /usr/portage ext2 noatime 1 2 |
| 1823 |
/dev/vg/distfiles /usr/portage/distfiles ext2 noatime 1 2 |
| 1824 |
/dev/vg/home /home ext3 noatime 1 2 |
| 1825 |
/dev/vg/opt /opt ext3 noatime 1 2 |
| 1826 |
/dev/vg/tmp /tmp ext2 noatime 1 2 |
| 1827 |
/dev/vg/var /var ext3 noatime 1 2 |
| 1828 |
/dev/vg/vartmp /var/tmp ext2 noatime 1 2 |
| 1829 |
</pre> |
| 1830 |
|
| 1831 |
<p> |
| 1832 |
Configure your network in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. Add the <c>net.eth0</c> |
| 1833 |
init script to the default run level. If you have multiple NICs, symlink them |
| 1834 |
to the <c>net.eth0</c> init script and add them to the default run level as |
| 1835 |
well. Either edit <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with <c>nano</c> or use the |
| 1836 |
following commands: |
| 1837 |
</p> |
| 1838 |
|
| 1839 |
<pre caption="Configure networking"> |
| 1840 |
livecd etc # <i>cd conf.d</i> |
| 1841 |
livecd conf.d # <i>echo 'config_eth0=( "192.168.1.10/24" )' >> net</i> |
| 1842 |
livecd conf.d # <i>echo 'routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.1.1" )' >> net</i> |
| 1843 |
livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i> |
| 1844 |
<comment>(If you compiled your network card driver as a module, |
| 1845 |
add it to /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6)</comment> |
| 1846 |
livecd conf.d # <i>echo r8169 >> /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</i> |
| 1847 |
<comment>(If you want to reconnect via ssh after you have rebooted your new box)</comment> |
| 1848 |
livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add sshd default</i> |
| 1849 |
</pre> |
| 1850 |
|
| 1851 |
<note> |
| 1852 |
Emerge <c>pcmcia-cs</c> and add it to the default run level if you need it. |
| 1853 |
</note> |
| 1854 |
|
| 1855 |
<p> |
| 1856 |
Set the root password using <c>passwd</c>. |
| 1857 |
</p> |
| 1858 |
|
| 1859 |
<pre caption="Set the root password"> |
| 1860 |
livecd conf.d # <i>passwd</i> |
| 1861 |
New UNIX password: <comment>type_the_password</comment> |
| 1862 |
Retype new UNIX password: <comment>type_the_password_again</comment> |
| 1863 |
passwd: password updated successfully |
| 1864 |
</pre> |
| 1865 |
|
| 1866 |
<p> |
| 1867 |
Check the system configuration in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, |
| 1868 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/rc</path>, <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, |
| 1869 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> and edit any of those files if required. |
| 1870 |
</p> |
| 1871 |
|
| 1872 |
<pre caption="Optional: edit some config files"> |
| 1873 |
livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i> |
| 1874 |
livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/rc</i> |
| 1875 |
livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps</i> |
| 1876 |
livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i> |
| 1877 |
</pre> |
| 1878 |
|
| 1879 |
</body> |
| 1880 |
</section> |
| 1881 |
<section> |
| 1882 |
<title>Installing System Tools</title> |
| 1883 |
<body> |
| 1884 |
|
| 1885 |
<p> |
| 1886 |
Install RAID and LVM2 utilities. |
| 1887 |
</p> |
| 1888 |
|
| 1889 |
<pre caption="Install RAID & LVM2 tools"> |
| 1890 |
livecd conf.d # <i>emerge mdadm lvm2</i> |
| 1891 |
</pre> |
| 1892 |
|
| 1893 |
<p> |
| 1894 |
Install a system logger like <c>syslog-ng</c> and a cron daemon like |
| 1895 |
<c>vixie-cron</c>, and add them to the default run level. |
| 1896 |
</p> |
| 1897 |
|
| 1898 |
<note> |
| 1899 |
Cron daemons depend on an MTA. <c>mail-mta/ssmtp</c> will be pulled in as a |
| 1900 |
dependency. If you want to use a more advanced MTA, you might want to install |
| 1901 |
it now. If you are in a hurry, let ssmtp be installed and remove it later when |
| 1902 |
you install the MTA of your choice. |
| 1903 |
</note> |
| 1904 |
|
| 1905 |
<pre caption="Install a syslogger and a cron daemon"> |
| 1906 |
livecd conf.d # <i>time emerge syslog-ng vixie-cron</i> |
| 1907 |
|
| 1908 |
real 1m54.099s |
| 1909 |
user 1m2.630s |
| 1910 |
sys 0m34.620s |
| 1911 |
livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add syslog-ng default</i> |
| 1912 |
livecd conf.d # <i>rc-update add vixie-cron default</i> |
| 1913 |
</pre> |
| 1914 |
|
| 1915 |
<p> |
| 1916 |
Install the necessary file system tools (<c>xfsprogs</c>, <c>reiserfsprogs</c> |
| 1917 |
or <c>jfsutils</c>) and networking tools (<c>dhcpcd</c> or <c>rp-pppoe</c>) if |
| 1918 |
you need any. |
| 1919 |
</p> |
| 1920 |
|
| 1921 |
<pre caption="Install extra tools if required"> |
| 1922 |
livecd conf.d # <i>emerge xfsprogs</i> <comment>(If you use the XFS file system)</comment> |
| 1923 |
livecd conf.d # <i>emerge jfsutils</i> <comment>(If you use the JFS file system)</comment> |
| 1924 |
livecd conf.d # <i>emerge reiserfsprogs</i> <comment>(If you use the Reiser file system)</comment> |
| 1925 |
livecd conf.d # <i>emerge dhcpcd</i> <comment>(If you need a DHCP client)</comment> |
| 1926 |
livecd conf.d # <i>USE="-X" emerge rp-pppoe</i> <comment>(If you need PPPoE ADSL connectivity)</comment> |
| 1927 |
</pre> |
| 1928 |
|
| 1929 |
</body> |
| 1930 |
</section> |
| 1931 |
<section> |
| 1932 |
<title>Configuring the Bootloader</title> |
| 1933 |
<body> |
| 1934 |
|
| 1935 |
<p> |
| 1936 |
Emerge <c>grub</c> and configure it. |
| 1937 |
</p> |
| 1938 |
|
| 1939 |
<pre caption="Emerge grub and edit its configuration file"> |
| 1940 |
livecd conf.d # <i>time emerge grub</i> |
| 1941 |
|
| 1942 |
real 1m4.634s |
| 1943 |
user 0m39.460s |
| 1944 |
sys 0m15.280s |
| 1945 |
livecd conf.d # <i>nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf</i> |
| 1946 |
</pre> |
| 1947 |
|
| 1948 |
<pre caption="Example grub.conf"> |
| 1949 |
default 0 |
| 1950 |
timeout 10 |
| 1951 |
|
| 1952 |
title=Gentoo |
| 1953 |
root (hd0,0) |
| 1954 |
kernel /boot/kernel root=/dev/md3 |
| 1955 |
</pre> |
| 1956 |
|
| 1957 |
<pre caption="Install grub on both disks"> |
| 1958 |
livecd conf.d # <i>grub</i> |
| 1959 |
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time. |
| 1960 |
|
| 1961 |
grub> <i>root (hd0,0)</i> |
| 1962 |
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83 |
| 1963 |
|
| 1964 |
grub> <i>setup (hd0)</i> |
| 1965 |
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes |
| 1966 |
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes |
| 1967 |
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes |
| 1968 |
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 16 sectors are embedded. |
| 1969 |
succeeded |
| 1970 |
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/ |
| 1971 |
grub/menu.lst"... succeeded |
| 1972 |
Done. |
| 1973 |
|
| 1974 |
grub> <i>root (hd1,0)</i> |
| 1975 |
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83 |
| 1976 |
|
| 1977 |
grub> <i>setup (hd1)</i> |
| 1978 |
|
| 1979 |
grub> <i>quit</i> |
| 1980 |
</pre> |
| 1981 |
|
| 1982 |
</body> |
| 1983 |
</section> |
| 1984 |
<section> |
| 1985 |
<title>Reboot</title> |
| 1986 |
<body> |
| 1987 |
|
| 1988 |
<p> |
| 1989 |
Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all file systems and reboot: |
| 1990 |
</p> |
| 1991 |
|
| 1992 |
<pre caption="Reboot"> |
| 1993 |
livecd conf.d # <i>exit</i> |
| 1994 |
livecd / # <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage/distfiles /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
| 1995 |
livecd / # <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/var/tmp /mnt/gentoo/tmp /mnt/gentoo/var /mnt/gentoo/opt</i> |
| 1996 |
livecd / # <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo/home /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo</i> |
| 1997 |
livecd / # <i>reboot</i> |
| 1998 |
<comment>(Don't forget to remove the CD)</comment> |
| 1999 |
</pre> |
| 2000 |
|
| 2001 |
<p> |
| 2002 |
Please follow the <uri |
| 2003 |
link="gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml#after-reboot">Finalizing the |
| 2004 |
Installation</uri> part of the regular x86 quick setup guide to complete your |
| 2005 |
installation. |
| 2006 |
</p> |
| 2007 |
|
| 2008 |
</body> |
| 2009 |
</section> |
| 2010 |
</chapter> |
| 2011 |
</guide> |
| 2012 |
|
| 2013 |
|
| 2014 |
|
| 2015 |
-- |
| 2016 |
gentoo-doc-cvs@g.o mailing list |
Archives