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rane 06/01/07 23:29:20 |
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Added: xml/htdocs/doc/en liveusb.xml |
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Log: |
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#118179, Gentoo LiveUSB installation HOWTO |
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|
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Revision Changes Path |
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1.1 xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml |
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|
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file : http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=gentoo |
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plain: http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml?rev=1.1&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=gentoo |
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Index: liveusb.xml |
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=================================================================== |
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/liveusb.xml,v 1.1 2006/01/07 23:29:20 rane Exp $ --> |
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|
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<guide link="/doc/en/liveusb.xml"> |
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<title>Gentoo Linux LiveUSB HOWTO</title> |
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|
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<author title="Author"> |
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<mail link="brix@g.o">Henrik Brix Andersen</mail> |
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</author> |
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|
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<abstract> |
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This HOWTO explains how to create a Gentoo Linux LiveUSB or, in other words, |
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how to emulate a Gentoo Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
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<license/> |
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|
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<version>1.0</version> |
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<date>2006-01-04</date> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>The LiveUSB</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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This HOWTO explains how to create a <e>Gentoo Linux LiveUSB</e> or, in other |
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words, how to emulate a Gentoo Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive. |
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This is particularly useful for installing Gentoo Linux on a modern laptop with |
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no CD-ROM drive. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Although the instructions found in this document aims at emulating a Gentoo |
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Linux Installation CD using an USB flash drive, they should work for any |
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arbitrary block device as long as you adjust the device names accordingly. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Prerequisites</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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In order to use a Gentoo Linux LiveUSB you need the following: |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li>Bootable USB flash drive (at least 64MB)</li> |
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<li>x86 computer with support for booting from USB</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<p> |
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You will also need access to the following for creating the LiveUSB: |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li> |
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A computer running Gentoo Linux (or alternatively another Linux |
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distribution) |
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</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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<chapter> |
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<title>Preparing the USB flash drive</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Partitioning the drive</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<warn> |
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These instructions will erase all data from the USB flash drive. Make sure to |
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backup your data first. |
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</warn> |
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|
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<impo> |
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This HOWTO assumes that the <path>/dev/sda</path> device node corresponds to |
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your USB flash drive. If you have other SCSI-like devices make sure to use the |
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correct device node. |
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</impo> |
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|
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<p> |
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Create a FAT32 partition on your USB flash drive and mark it bootable using |
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<c>fdisk</c>. An example partitioning scheme can be seen below: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Example partitioning scheme"> |
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# <i>fdisk -l /dev/sda</i> |
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|
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Disk /dev/sda: 1048 MB, 1048313856 bytes |
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33 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1017 cylinders |
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Units = cylinders of 2013 * 512 = 1030656 bytes |
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|
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Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
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/dev/sda1 * 1 1017 1023580 b W95 FAT32 |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Creating the filesystem</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Create a FAT32 filesystem on the USB flash drive using <c>mkdosfs</c>: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Running mkdosfs"> |
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<comment>(Make sure you have sys-fs/dosfstools installed)</comment> |
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# <i>emerge -av sys-fs/dosfstools</i> |
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# <i>mkdosfs -F 32 /dev/sda1</i> |
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mkdosfs 2.11 (12 Mar 2005) |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installing a Master Boot Record</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Install the precompiled Master Boot Record (MBR) from <c>syslinux</c> on the |
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USB flash drive: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Installing a master boot record"> |
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<comment>(Make sure you have sys-boot/syslinux-3.00 or later installed)</comment> |
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# <i>emerge -av '>=sys-boot/syslinux-3*'</i> |
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# <i>dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda</i> |
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0+1 records in |
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0+1 records out |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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<chapter> |
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<title>Copying the files</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Mounting the Gentoo Linux Installation CD</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Download the <path>install-x86-minimal-2005.1-r1.iso</path> file from your |
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local Gentoo Linux <uri link="/main/en/where.xml">mirror</uri> site and mount |
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the ISO image on <path>/mnt/cdrom/</path> as shown below: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Mounting the Gentoo Linux Installation CD ISO image"> |
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<comment>(Create the /mnt/cdrom/ mount point if needed)</comment> |
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# <i>mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom</i> |
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# <i>mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 install-x86-minimal-2005.1-r1.iso /mnt/cdrom/</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Mounting the LiveUSB</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Mount the newly formatted USB flash drive on <path>/mnt/usb/</path> as shown |
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below: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Mounting the USB flash drive"> |
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<comment>(Create the /mnt/usb/ mount point if needed)</comment> |
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# <i>mkdir -p /mnt/usb</i> |
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# <i>mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb/</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Copying the files</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Copy the files from the Gentoo Linux Installation CD to the LiveUSB. The files |
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needs to be reordered a bit as we will be using the <c>syslinux</c> bootloader |
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instead of <c>isolinux</c>: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Copying the files"> |
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# <i>cp -r /mnt/cdrom/* /mnt/usb/</i> |
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# <i>mv /mnt/usb/isolinux/* /mnt/usb/</i> |
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# <i>mv /mnt/usb/isolinux.cfg /mnt/usb/syslinux.cfg</i> |
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# <i>rm -rf /mnt/usb/isolinux*</i> |
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|
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<comment>(The memtest86 kernel needs to be renamed for loading it via syslinux)</comment> |
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# <i>mv /mnt/usb/memtest86 /mnt/usb/memtest</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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You can now unmount the ISO image: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption="Unmounting the ISO image"> |
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# <i>umount /mnt/cdrom/</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Adjusting the bootloader configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Adjust the syslinux configuration file using <c>sed</c> as shown below. The |
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<c>scandelay=10</c> parameter will introduce a 10 seconds delay before |
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attempting to mount the filesystem. This is needed to allow the USB flash drive |
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to settle upon detection. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Adjusting the boot parameters"> |
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# <i>sed -i \ |
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-e "s:cdroot:cdroot scandelay=10:" \ |
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-e "s:kernel memtest86:kernel memtest:" \ |
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/mnt/usb/syslinux.cfg</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<note> |
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Consider adding <c>docache</c> to the boot parameters. This will allow running |
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<c>umount /mnt/cdrom/</c> after booting so that you can unplug the USB flash |
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drive. |
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</note> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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<chapter> |
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<title>Installing a bootloader</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Unmounting the drive</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Make sure you unmount the USB flash drive drive before installing the |
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bootloader: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Unmounting the USB flash drive"> |
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# <i>umount /mnt/usb/</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installing syslinux</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Finally install the <c>syslinux</c> bootloader on the USB flash drive: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Running syslinux"> |
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# <i>syslinux /dev/sda1</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<impo> |
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You will need to rerun <c>syslinux /dev/sda1</c> each time you modify the |
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<path>syslinux.cfg</path> file for the configuration changes to take affect. |
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</impo> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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<chapter> |
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<title>Using the LiveUSB</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Booting</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Insert the USB flash drive and turn on the computer, making sure the BIOS is |
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set to boot from USB. If all goes well you should be presented with a standard |
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syslinux prompt. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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You should be able to follow the generic installation instructions found in the |
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<uri link="/doc/en/handbook/">Gentoo Handbook</uri> from here on. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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</guide> |
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|
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-- |
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