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On Wednesday, 18 November 2020 06:46:35 GMT thelma@×××××××××××.com wrote: |
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> On 11/17/2020 11:26 AM, Michael wrote: |
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> > On Tuesday, 17 November 2020 17:47:09 GMT thelma@×××××××××××.com wrote: |
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> >> I'm looking for an idea to duplicate my old gentoo system. |
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> >> I'm using old programs that require older version php, ( PHP Version |
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> >> 5.6) the program is not compatible with newer php. 7.4 and apache 2.2 |
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> >> |
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> >> Gentoo is install on 1TB SSD (/dev/sda) |
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> >> The new 2TB SSD is M.2 (so it has a strange name) |
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> >> |
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> >> 1.) Is my option only: |
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> >> dd if=/dev/sdX of=/dev/sdY bs=64K conv=noerror,sync |
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> >> |
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> >> If I duplicate the drive this way I'll end-up with two partitions, as |
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> >> I'll have 1TB free on a new drive. Or is there a way to resize |
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> >> partition on M.2 SSD |
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> >> |
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> >> 2.) Another options, I could dig-out the old programs from "attic", but |
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> >> that will not be an easy job. |
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> > |
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> > You could go about this in a number of different ways. |
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> > |
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> > dd command will take forever, as it is copying every bit and byte from one |
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> > disk to the next, whether it contains data or not. |
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> > |
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> > I prefer to use a clonezilla liveUSB to copy a disk or selected partitions |
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> > between disks, which will take significantly less time as only blocks with |
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> > data get copied over. |
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> > |
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> > You can increase the partition size after you finish copying it onto the |
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> > new disk and then the filesystem size within it. Gparted can run both |
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> > steps in a single stroke. |
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> > |
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> > If you prefer a more manual and tedious way, you can create a partition as |
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> > large as you need it to be on the new disk, format it with a filesystem of |
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> > choice, then use rsync or tar to copy over the files you want and |
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> > --exclude |
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> > anything you don't want copied over. |
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> |
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> Manual approach might be confusing and prone to errors. |
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> I will try Gparted as you suggested but I was wondering if it will allow |
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> me to combine/join partitions. On most modern system I think there is: |
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> 1 - boot partiton |
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> 2 - swap if needed |
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> 3 - root partition (where home is as well) |
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> |
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> My current layout is old one: |
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> dev/sda1 /boot ext2 |
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> /dev/sda3 / ext4 |
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> /dev/sda2 none swap |
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> /dev/sda4 /home ext4 |
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> |
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> Is it possible with Gparted combine "/" and "home" partitions, or is it |
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> as simple as coping all file from "home" partition to "/" home folder. |
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|
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Others have answered this already and I agree with them, a separate /home |
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partition is better for longer term OS maintenance/back up/replacement, |
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without messing up with your personal data in /home. |
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|
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However, if you really want to have your /home directory on the same partition |
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as / then a step by step approach could be: |
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|
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1. Use Gparted to create /boot[1], / and swap partitions of the desired size. |
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Use up the whole 2TB of the new disk if you want, or make each partition to |
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any size you like, as long as each partition on the new disk is at least as |
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large as the corresponding partition on the old disk. You can use LVM if you |
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want to have resizable logical volumes on the new disk. |
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|
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2. Use Clonezilla LiveCD/USB to clone /boot and / partitions from the old to |
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the new disk. If the new partitions are larger in size compared to the old |
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partitions, use Gparted (or CLI tools like resize2fs) after you finish cloning |
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the partition data to resize the filesystem and fill up the new partitions. |
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Create the new swap (mkswap and swapon). |
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|
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3. Then mount your /home partition on the old disk and the / partition on the |
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new disk and use 'rsync -axAHX' or tar (don't forget --xattrs) to copy over |
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the /home directory from the old to the new. |
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|
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4. Adjust the new /etc/fstab accordingly.[2] |
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|
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5. Reboot using the new disk to check all is as it should be. |
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|
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[1] You may not want/need a new /boot partition - the old /boot in /dev/sda1 |
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will be able to also boot the cloned / partition, but you would need to |
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adjust/update your boot manager to include the new / partition. |
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|
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[2] Clonezilla will copy over the original partition UUID so you will need to |
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check this with blkid and change it with tune2fs to avoid clashes if both |
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disks will be on the same PC. |
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|
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I hope I haven't missed up anything in the above, since it's not something I |
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do often, but troubleshooting omissions should be easy to resolve. |