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On Sunday 30 September 2007, Florian Philipp wrote: |
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> Which shell do you use? Bash's default behavior (I don't know whether |
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> you can change that) is that it doesn't expand * to all files and |
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> directories but only the nonhidden. |
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> |
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> Just try the following: |
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> ls -l --directory --all ~/* |
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> |
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> On my system it only shows my a long lost of all directories and files |
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> without a dot at the beginning although, strictly speaking, the |
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> command should show all files, even the hidden ones. |
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No, it should not (assuming the syntax of your example), unless |
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bash "dotglob" option is on. One thing are the options to ls, another is |
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how the shell expands wildcard characters. |
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In your example, the tilde is expanded to the user's home dir |
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(eg, /home/user), the asterisk is expanded to all the file and directory |
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names under /home/user not starting with ".", so what ls really sees is |
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ls -l --directory --all /home/user/dir1 /home/user/dir2 /home/user/file1 /home/user/file2 |
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etc. |
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Since you gave the "--directory" (aka "-d") option, and "*" expansion |
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does not include names starting with ".", nothing else is printed. |
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The "--all" option does not come into play at all here. |
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A different story would be if you did not use the -d option; then names |
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at first level starting with "." still would not have been shown |
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(because "*" is expanded by the shell before ls sees the names), but |
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directory contents would have been listed including names starting |
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with ".", due to the --all option. |
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Another variation would be not using -d and giving only "~" as pathname |
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to ls (ie, not "~/*"). In that case, ls would see just "/home/user" and |
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the --all option could do its job at the first level, listing all the |
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names, even those starting with ".". |
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The bash option to have "*" expand to all the names, including those |
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starting with ".", is "dotglob" (eg, "shopt -s dotglob). man bash |
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explains it all. |
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> Is it possible that you mean regular expressions and not Bash's |
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> expansion feature? |
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This is possible (well, sort of) enabling the "extglob" option in bash. |
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-- |
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